Serovar Distribution in Patients with Follicular Conjunctivitis in Iran

Overview

Journal Turk J Ophthalmol

Specialty Ophthalmology

Date 2023 Aug 21

PMID 37602552

Authors

Zohreh Abedifar

Fatemeh Fallah

Fahimeh Asadiamoli

Ben Bourrie

Farahnoosh Doustdar

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: infects the urogenital tract and eyes. Anatomical tropism is correlated with serovars which are characterized according to the variation in the major outer membrane proteins encoded by the gene. The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of serovars among patients with follicular conjunctivitis in Iran.

Materials And Methods: A total of 68 conjunctival specimens from symptomatic adults were studied for the presence of using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Serovars were determined by Omp1 PCR-RFLP analysis.

Results: was detected in 38 (55.9%) of patients with follicular conjunctivitis, with higher prevalence in the younger age groups. Twenty-six (38.2%) of these patients had a history of urinary tract infection. Four distinct serovars were identified in the conjunctiva samples using molecular genotyping. The most prevalent was serovar E, followed by G, I, and F.

Conclusion: Our serovar distribution indicated that chlamydial follicular conjunctivitis usually has a genital source. Genital serovars may cause eye diseases, especially in sexually active adults. On the other hand, conjunctivitis might be the only sign of sexually transmitted infection. Therefore, genotyping in ocular and genital specimens could be beneficial for acquiring more detailed epidemiological information about the etiology of the disease and monitoring treatment success.

References

Kese D, Potocnik M, Maticic M, Kogoj R . Genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis directly from urogenital and conjunctiva samples using an ompA gene pyrosequencing-based assay. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011; 63(2):210-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00843.x. View

Mohamed-Noriega K, Mohamed-Noriega J, Valdes-Navarro M, Cuervo-Lozano E, Fernandez-Espinosa M, Mohamed-Hamsho J . Conjunctival infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in sexual partners of patients with adult inclusion conjunctivitis. Int Ophthalmol. 2014; 35(2):179-85. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-014-9930-z. View

Pourabbas B, Rezaei Z, Mardaneh J, Shahian M, Alborzi A . Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among pregnant women and eye colonization of their neonates at birth time, Shiraz, Southern Iran. BMC Infect Dis. 2018; 18(1):477. PMC: 6154405. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3382-4. View

Gita S, Suneeta M, Anjana S, Niranjan N, Sujata M, Pandey R . C. trachomatis in female reproductive tract infections and RFLP-based genotyping: a 16-year study from a tertiary care hospital. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 2011:548219. PMC: 3124095. DOI: 10.1155/2011/548219. View

Petrovay F, Nemeth I, Balazs A, Balla E . Chlamydial conjunctivitis: prevalence and serovar distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis in adults. J Med Microbiol. 2015; 64(9):967-970. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000115. View

Taheri Beni B, Motamedi H, Roayaei Ardakani M . Genotyping of the prevalent Chlamydia trachomatis strains involved in cervical infections in women in Ahvaz, Iran. J Med Microbiol. 2010; 59(Pt 9):1023-1028. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.016717-0. View

Stevens M, Twin J, Fairley C, Donovan B, Tan S, Yu J . Development and evaluation of an ompA quantitative real-time PCR assay for Chlamydia trachomatis serovar determination. J Clin Microbiol. 2010; 48(6):2060-5. PMC: 2884500. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02308-09. View

Lietman T, Brooks D, Moncada J, Schachter J, Dawson C, Dean D . Chronic follicular conjunctivitis associated with Chlamydia psittaci or Chlamydia pneumoniae. Clin Infect Dis. 1998; 26(6):1335-40. DOI: 10.1086/516373. View

Satpathy G, Behera H, Ahmed N . Chlamydial eye infections: Current perspectives. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2017; 65(2):97-102. PMC: 5381307. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_870_16. View

10.

Chin S, Alemayehu W, Melese M, Lakew T, Cevallos V, Lietman T . Association of Chlamydia trachomatis ompA genovar with trachoma phenotypes. Eye (Lond). 2018; 32(8):1411-1420. PMC: 6085303. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0069-4. View

11.

Javaloy J, Ferrer C, Vidal M, Alio J . Follicular conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in an infant Saharan population: molecular and clinical diagnosis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2003; 87(2):142-6. PMC: 1771488. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.87.2.142. View

12.

Taheri Beni B, Jenab A, Roghanian R, Motamedi H, Golbang N, Golbang P . Genotyping of Endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis Strains and Detection of Serological Markers of Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Their Host. Int J Fertil Steril. 2014; 6(2):101-6. PMC: 4258237. View

13.

Katusic D, Petricek I, Mandic Z, Petric I, Salopek-Rabatic J, Kruzic V . Azithromycin vs doxycycline in the treatment of inclusion conjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003; 135(4):447-51. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(02)02094-9. View

14.

Lee G, Park J, Kim B, Kim S, Yoo C, Seong W . OmpA genotyping of Chlamydia trachomatis from Korean female sex workers. J Infect. 2005; 52(6):451-4. DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2005.08.019. View

15.

Takourt B, De Barbeyrac B, Khyatti M, Radouani F, Bebear C, Benslimane A . Direct genotyping and nucleotide sequence analysis of VS1 and VS2 of the Omp1 gene of Chlamydia trachomatis from Moroccan trachomatous specimens. Microbes Infect. 2001; 3(6):459-66. DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(01)01401-0. View

16.

Taylor H . Comment on: 'Association of Chlamydia trachomatis ompA genovar with trachoma phenotypes'. Eye (Lond). 2018; 33(3):516. PMC: 6460717. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0266-1. View

17.

Gallo Vaulet L, Entrocassi C, Corominas A, Rodriguez Fermepin M . Distribution study of Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes in symptomatic patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina: association between genotype E and neonatal conjunctivitis. BMC Res Notes. 2010; 3:34. PMC: 2831911. DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-3-34. View

18.

Ngandjio A, Clerc M, Fonkoua M, Thonnon J, Lunel F, Bebear C . Restriction endonuclease patterns of the omp1 gene of reference Chlamydia trachomatis strains and characterization of isolates from Cameroonian students. J Med Microbiol. 2003; 53(Pt 1):47-50. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.05333-0. View

19.

Chen Y, Hu F, Hou Y . Effect of oral azithromycin in the treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis. Eye (Lond). 2009; 24(6):985-9. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2009.264. View