Serum Metabolomic Markers of Dairy Consumption: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Bogalusa Heart Study

Overview

Journal J Nutr

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2023 Aug 4

PMID 37541543

Authors

Lauren Bernard

Jingsha Chen

Hyunju Kim

Zhijie Huang

Lydia Bazzano

Lu Qi

Jiang He

Varun S Rao

Kaitlin S Potts

Tanika N Kelly

Kari E Wong

Lyn M Steffen

Bing Yu

Eugene P Rhee

Casey M Rebholz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Dairy consumption is related to chronic disease risk; however, the measurement of dairy consumption has largely relied upon self-report. Untargeted metabolomics allows for the identification of objective markers of dietary intake.

Objectives: We aimed to identify associations between dietary dairy intake (total dairy, low-fat dairy, and high-fat dairy) and serum metabolites in 2 independent study populations of United States adults.

Methods: Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate cross-sectional associations between dietary intake of dairy and 360 serum metabolites analyzed in 2 subgroups of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (ARIC; n = 3776). Results from the 2 subgroups were meta-analyzed using fixed effects meta-analysis. Significant meta-analyzed associations in the ARIC study were then tested in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS; n = 785).

Results: In the ARIC study and BHS, the mean age was 54 and 48 years, 61% and 29% were Black, and the mean dairy intake was 1.7 and 1.3 servings/day, respectively. Twenty-nine significant associations between dietary intake of dairy and serum metabolites were identified in the ARIC study (total dairy, n = 14; low-fat dairy, n = 10; high-fat dairy, n = 5). Three associations were also significant in BHS: myristate (14:0) was associated with high-fat dairy, and pantothenate was associated with total dairy and low-fat dairy, but 23 of the 27 associations significant in the ARIC study and tested in BHS were not associated with dairy in BHS.

Conclusions: We identified metabolomic associations with dietary intake of dairy, including 3 associations found in 2 independent cohort studies. These results suggest that myristate (14:0) and pantothenate (vitamin B5) are candidate biomarkers of dairy consumption.

Citing Articles

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Yang J, Bernard L, Wong K, Yu B, Steffen L, Sullivan V Metabolomics. 2024; 20(6):118.

PMID: 39432124 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-024-02184-1.

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