The Function and Mechanism of Lactate and Lactylation in Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment

Overview

Journal Genes Dis

Date 2023 Jul 26

PMID 37492749

Authors

Yan Zhang

Qiu Peng

Jinhua Zheng

Yuzhong Yang

Xuemei Zhang

Aiyu Ma

Yuxia Qin

Zailong Qin

Xiang Zheng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lactate is an end product of glycolysis. Owing to the lactate shuttle concept introduced in the early 1980s, increasing researchers indicate lactate as a critical energy source for mitochondrial respiration and as a precursor of gluconeogenesis. Lactate also acts as a multifunctional signaling molecule through receptors expressed in various cells, resulting in diverse biological consequences including decreased lipolysis, immune regulation, and anti-inflammation wound healing, and enhanced exercise performance in association with the gut microbiome. Furthermore, increasing evidence reveals that lactate contributes to epigenetic gene regulation by lactylating lysine residues of histones, which accounts for its key role in immune modulation and maintenance of homeostasis. Here, we summarize the function and mechanism of lactate and lactylation in tumor metabolism and microenvironment.

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