Prevalence of Culturable Bacteria and Yeasts in the Nasopharynx Microbiota During the Physiological Course of Pregnancy

Overview

Journal J Clin Med

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2023 Jul 14

PMID 37445482

Authors

Urszula Kosikowska

Dominik Franciszek Dluski

Dorota Pietras-Ozga

Bozena Leszczynska-Gorzelak

Sylwia Andrzejczuk

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of the nasopharyngeal carriage of culturable microorganisms in the microbiota of asymptomatic women with a physiological pregnancy (PW) and nonpregnant women (NPW). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 53 PW and 30 NPW to detect bacterial and fungal colonization. Isolates were identified using the culture method and the MALDI-TOF MS technique. The nasopharyngeal microbiota (NPM) partially differed between PW and NPW. These differences in the frequency of nasopharyngeal colonization between the PW and NPW groups were not statistically significant ( > 0.05); all cases were colonized by bacteria and only two cases in the PW group were colonized by yeasts, namely, spp. High levels of staphylococcal colonization, including predominantly coagulase-negative staphylococci and in the nasopharyngeal sample, were present in both groups. The reduced number of Gram-negative rods colonized in the cases studied was seen in samples from the NPW group, particularly with , and anaerobic spp. were isolated only in the PW group ( < 0.05). Moreover, a higher carriage rate of colonization was statistically significant ( < 0.05) and correlated with the NPW group. Pregnancy may disturb the composition of the NPM represented by commensals and opportunistic bacteria and promote yeast colonization as compared to nonpregnant women.

References

Rizzetto L, De Filippo C, Cavalieri D . Richness and diversity of mammalian fungal communities shape innate and adaptive immunity in health and disease. Eur J Immunol. 2014; 44(11):3166-81. DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344403. View

Nuriel-Ohayon M, Neuman H, Koren O . Microbial Changes during Pregnancy, Birth, and Infancy. Front Microbiol. 2016; 7:1031. PMC: 4943946. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01031. View

Kandi V, Palange P, Vaish R, Bhatti A, Kale V, Kandi M . Emerging Bacterial Infection: Identification and Clinical Significance of Kocuria Species. Cureus. 2016; 8(8):e731. PMC: 5017880. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.731. View

Michalik M, Samet A, Podbielska-Kubera A, Savini V, Miedzobrodzki J, Kosecka-Strojek M . Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a significant etiological factor of laryngological infections: a review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2020; 19(1):26. PMC: 7271473. DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00367-x. View

Paropkari A, Leblebicioglu B, Christian L, Kumar P . Smoking, pregnancy and the subgingival microbiome. Sci Rep. 2016; 6:30388. PMC: 4961950. DOI: 10.1038/srep30388. View

Ebrahimi M, Heidari-Bakavoli A, Shoeibi S, Mirhafez S, Moohebati M, Esmaily H . Association of Serum hs-CRP Levels With the Presence of Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors. J Clin Lab Anal. 2016; 30(5):672-6. PMC: 6807047. DOI: 10.1002/jcla.21920. View

Saadaoui M, Singh P, Al Khodor S . Oral microbiome and pregnancy: A bidirectional relationship. J Reprod Immunol. 2021; 145:103293. DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103293. View

Kim J, Amar S . Periodontal disease and systemic conditions: a bidirectional relationship. Odontology. 2006; 94(1):10-21. PMC: 2443711. DOI: 10.1007/s10266-006-0060-6. View

. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012; 486(7402):207-14. PMC: 3564958. DOI: 10.1038/nature11234. View

10.

Bucka-Kolendo J, Sokolowska B, Winiarczyk S . Influence of High Hydrostatic Pressure on the Identification of by MALDI-TOF MS- Preliminary Study. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(6). PMC: 7356497. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060813. View

11.

Sorokin Y, Romero R, Mele L, Wapner R, Iams J, Dudley D . Maternal serum interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 concentrations as risk factors for preterm birth <32 weeks and adverse neonatal outcomes. Am J Perinatol. 2010; 27(8):631-40. PMC: 2976602. DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1249366. View

12.

Ridker P . C-reactive protein and the prediction of cardiovascular events among those at intermediate risk: moving an inflammatory hypothesis toward consensus. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 49(21):2129-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.052. View

13.

Rodriguez-Medina N, Barrios-Camacho H, Duran-Bedolla J, Garza-Ramos U . : an emerging pathogen in humans. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2019; 8(1):973-988. PMC: 6609320. DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1634981. View

14.

Chandra H, Sharma K, Tuovinen O, Sun X, Shukla P . Pathobionts: mechanisms of survival, expansion, and interaction with host with a focus on . Gut Microbes. 2021; 13(1):1979882. PMC: 8565823. DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1979882. View

15.

Zhou B, Shu B, Yang J, Liu J, Xi T, Xing Y . C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and the risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control. 2014; 25(10):1397-405. DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0445-8. View

16.

Brouwer S, Rivera-Hernandez T, Curren B, Harbison-Price N, De Oliveira D, Jespersen M . Pathogenesis, epidemiology and control of Group A Streptococcus infection. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2023; 21(7):431-447. PMC: 9998027. DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00865-7. View

17.

Balan P, Brandt B, Chong Y, Crielaard W, Wong M, Lopez V . Subgingival Microbiota during Healthy Pregnancy and Pregnancy Gingivitis. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2020; 6(3):343-351. DOI: 10.1177/2380084420948779. View

18.

Jimenez-Truque N, Tedeschi S, Saye E, McKenna B, Langdon W, Wright J . Relationship between maternal and neonatal Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Pediatrics. 2012; 129(5):e1252-9. PMC: 3340589. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-2308. View

19.

Stratmann J, Lacko R, Ballo O, Shaid S, Gleiber W, Vehreschild M . Colonization with multi-drug-resistant organisms negatively impacts survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One. 2020; 15(11):e0242544. PMC: 7688109. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242544. View

20.

Amir M, Brown J, Rager S, Sanidad K, Ananthanarayanan A, Zeng M . Maternal Microbiome and Infections in Pregnancy. Microorganisms. 2020; 8(12). PMC: 7765218. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8121996. View