Harnessing 3D in Vitro Systems to Model Immune Responses to Solid Tumours: a Step Towards Improving and Creating Personalized Immunotherapies

Overview

Journal Nat Rev Immunol

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2023 Jul 4

PMID 37402992

Authors

Zhenzhen Zhou

Yuan Pang

Jingyuan Ji

Jianyu He

Tiankun Liu

Liliang Ouyang

Wen Zhang

Xue-Li Zhang

Zhi-Gang Zhang

Kaitai Zhang

Wei Sun

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

In vitro 3D models are advanced biological tools that have been established to overcome the shortcomings of oversimplified 2D cultures and mouse models. Various in vitro 3D immuno-oncology models have been developed to mimic and recapitulate the cancer-immunity cycle, evaluate immunotherapy regimens, and explore options for optimizing current immunotherapies, including for individual patient tumours. Here, we review recent developments in this field. We focus, first, on the limitations of existing immunotherapies for solid tumours, secondly, on how in vitro 3D immuno-oncology models are established using various technologies - including scaffolds, organoids, microfluidics and 3D bioprinting - and thirdly, on the applications of these 3D models for comprehending the cancer-immunity cycle as well as for assessing and improving immunotherapies for solid tumours.

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