Expression of GABA, GABA, and MGluR2 Receptors in the Lateral Geniculate Body of Male Neonates Born to Diabetic Rats

Overview

Journal Iran J Basic Med Sci

Publisher Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2023 Jul 3

PMID 37396950

Authors

Nasim Alipour

Somaye Fallahnezhad

Javad Bagheri

Hamideh Babaloo

Fatemeh Tahmasebi

Ghasem Sazegar

Hossein Haghir

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes during gestation is one of the most common pregnancy complications and has adverse effects on offspring, including a negative impact on the offspring's central nervous system (CNS). Diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with visual impairment. Due to the importance of the lateral geniculate body (LGB) in the visual pathway, the present study examined the effect of maternal diabetes on the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA and GABA) and metabotropic Glutamate (mGlu2) receptors in the LGB of male neonates of diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Diabetes was induced in female adult rats by a single intraperitoneal dose of streptozotocin (STZ) 65 (mg/kg). In the Insulin-treated diabetic rats, diabetes was controlled by subcutaneous NPH-insulin injection daily. After mating and delivery, male offspring were killed by carbon dioxide gas inhalation at P0, P7, and P14 (postnatal days 0, 7, and 14). The expression of GABA, GABA, and mGluR2 in the LGB of male neonates was determined using the immunohistochemistry (IHC) method.

Results: The expression of GABA and GABA was significantly reduced, whereas the expression of mGluR2 was markedly increased in the diabetic group compared with the control and insulin-treated groups at P0, P7, and P14.

Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that induction of diabetes altered the expression of GABA, GABA, and mGluR2 in the LGB of male neonates born to diabetic rats at P0, P7, and P14. Moreover, insulin treatment could reverse these effects of diabetes.

Citing Articles

The Functions of SARS-CoV-2 Receptors in Diabetes-Related Severe COVID-19.

Drzymala A Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(17).

PMID: 39273582 PMC: 11394807. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179635.

References

Carpi-Santos R, Maggesissi R, von Seehausen M, Calaza K . Retinal exposure to high glucose condition modifies the GABAergic system: Regulation by nitric oxide. Exp Eye Res. 2017; 162:116-125. DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.07.010. View

Ikonomovic S, Kharlamov E, Manev H, Ikonomovic M, Grayson D . GABA and NMDA in the prevention of apoptotic-like cell death in vitro. Neurochem Int. 1997; 31(2):283-90. DOI: 10.1016/s0197-0186(96)00159-3. View

Taylor D, Jones F, Kubota E, Pocock J . Stimulation of microglial metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 triggers tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced neurotoxicity in concert with microglial-derived Fas ligand. J Neurosci. 2005; 25(11):2952-64. PMC: 6725132. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4456-04.2005. View

Lotfi N, Hami J, Hosseini M, Haghir D, Haghir H . Diabetes during pregnancy enhanced neuronal death in the hippocampus of rat offspring. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2016; 51:28-35. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.04.009. View

Rezazadeh H, Sharifi M, Sharifi M, Soltani N . Gamma-aminobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients and reduces the risk of insulin resistance in their offspring. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021; 138:111440. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111440. View

Nutt D . GABAA receptors: subtypes, regional distribution, and function. J Clin Sleep Med. 2007; 2(2):S7-11. View

Ye Z, Yu X, Houston C, Aboukhalil Z, Franks N, Wisden W . Fast and Slow Inhibition in the Visual Thalamus Is Influenced by Allocating GABA Receptors with Different γ Subunits. Front Cell Neurosci. 2017; 11:95. PMC: 5378722. DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00095. View

Sah R, Galeffi F, Ahrens R, Jordan G, Schwartz-Bloom R . Modulation of the GABA(A)-gated chloride channel by reactive oxygen species. J Neurochem. 2002; 80(3):383-91. DOI: 10.1046/j.0022-3042.2001.00706.x. View

Gleichmann M, Mattson M . Neuronal calcium homeostasis and dysregulation. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010; 14(7):1261-73. PMC: 3048837. DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3386. View

10.

Caruso C, Bottino M, Pampillo M, Pisera D, Jaita G, Duvilanski B . Glutamate induces apoptosis in anterior pituitary cells through group II metabotropic glutamate receptor activation. Endocrinology. 2004; 145(10):4677-84. DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0550. View

11.

Terunuma M . Diversity of structure and function of GABA receptors: a complexity of GABA-mediated signaling. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2018; 94(10):390-411. PMC: 6374141. DOI: 10.2183/pjab.94.026. View

12.

Balakrishnan S, Kumar T P, Paulose C . Glutamate (mGluR-5) gene expression in brain regions of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats as a function of age: role in regulation of calcium release from the pancreatic islets in vitro. J Biomed Sci. 2009; 16:99. PMC: 2779807. DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-99. View

13.

Honda M, Inoue M, Okada Y, Yamamoto M . Alteration of the GABAergic neuronal system of the retina and superior colliculus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Kobe J Med Sci. 1998; 44(1):1-8. View

14.

Fleming M, Benca R, Behan M . Retinal projections to the subcortical visual system in congenic albino and pigmented rats. Neuroscience. 2006; 143(3):895-904. PMC: 1876705. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.08.016. View

15.

Godwin D, Vaughan J, Sherman S . Metabotropic glutamate receptors switch visual response mode of lateral geniculate nucleus cells from burst to tonic. J Neurophysiol. 1996; 76(3):1800-16. DOI: 10.1152/jn.1996.76.3.1800. View

16.

Vuong B, Odero G, Rozbacher S, Stevenson M, Kereliuk S, Pereira T . Exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus induces neuroinflammation, derangement of hippocampal neurons, and cognitive changes in rat offspring. J Neuroinflammation. 2017; 14(1):80. PMC: 5384149. DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0859-9. View

17.

Muriach M, Flores-Bellver M, Romero F, Barcia J . Diabetes and the brain: oxidative stress, inflammation, and autophagy. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2014; 2014:102158. PMC: 4158559. DOI: 10.1155/2014/102158. View

18.

Johnson M, Gores G, Uhl C, Sill J . Cytosolic free calcium and cell death during metabolic inhibition in a neuronal cell line. J Neurosci. 1994; 14(7):4040-9. PMC: 6577055. View

19.

Binns K, Salt T . Different roles for GABAA and GABAB receptors in visual processing in the rat superior colliculus. J Physiol. 1997; 504 ( Pt 3):629-39. PMC: 1159966. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.629bd.x. View

20.

Haghir H, Rezaee A, Sankian M, Kheradmand H, Hami J . The effects of induced type-I diabetes on developmental regulation of insulin & insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors in the cerebellum of rat neonates. Metab Brain Dis. 2013; 28(3):397-410. DOI: 10.1007/s11011-013-9386-2. View