C Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Threshold Sensing of Chemical Reactions

Overview

Journal J Am Chem Soc

Publisher American Chemical Society

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2023 May 12

PMID 37172079

Authors

Andreas B Schmidt

Isaiah Adelabu

Christopher Nelson

Shiraz Nantogma

Valerij G Kiselev

Maxim Zaitsev

Abubakar Abdurraheem

Henri de Maissin

Matthew S Rosen

Soren Lehmkuhl

Stephan Appelt

Thomas Theis

Eduard Y Chekmenev

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) enables detection of chemicals and their transformations by exciting nuclear spin ensembles with a radio-frequency pulse followed by detection of the precessing spins at their characteristic frequencies. The detected frequencies report on chemical reactions in real time and the signal amplitudes scale with concentrations of products and reactants. Here, we employ Radiofrequency Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (RASER), a quantum phenomenon producing coherent emission of C signals, to detect chemical transformations. The C signals are emitted by the negatively hyperpolarized biomolecules without external radio frequency pulses and without any background signal from other, nonhyperpolarized spins in the ensemble. Here, we studied the hydrolysis of hyperpolarized ethyl-[1-C]acetate to hyperpolarized [1-C]acetate, which was analyzed as a model system by conventional NMR and C RASER. The chemical transformation of C RASER-active species leads to complete and abrupt disappearance of reactant signals and delayed, abrupt reappearance of a frequency-shifted RASER signal without destroying C polarization. The experimentally observed "quantum" RASER threshold is supported by simulations.

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