Characterization of a Novel Picornavirus Prevalent in Experimental Rabbits ()

Overview

Journal Heliyon

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2023 May 9

PMID 37159695

Authors

Liye Zhou

Xiang Lu

Chunyan Zhao

Yu Zhang

Songyi Ning

Wen Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Here, using viral metagenomic method a novel picornavirus (named UJS-2019picorna, GenBank accession number OP821762) was discovered in fecal and blood samples of experimental rabbits (). The complete genome size of UJS-2019picorna is 7832 bp excluding the poly(A)-tail, with GC content of 44.00% and a nucleotide composition of 28.0% A, 28.0% U, 21.5% G, and 22.5% C. The viral genome has a typical picornavirus organization pattern from the 5'-3' direction: VPg-5' UTR-(L)-P1, (VP4-VP2-VP3-VP1)-P2, (2 A-2B-2C)-P3, (3 A-3B-3C-3D)-3' UTR-poly(A). The P1 region of UJS-2019picorna is related to with amino acid identity of 37.31%, while the P2 and P3 regions are the closest to with amino acid identity of 35.66%-39.53%. According to the Study Group guidelines, UJS-2019picorna should be presumed to be a new genus belonging to the family. Epidemiologic study revealed that this novel picornavirus was prevalent in a cohort of experimental rabbits, with prevalence rate of 23.68% (9/38) in feces and 18.4% (7/38) in blood samples. Further work is required to elucidate whether this virus is pathogenic to rabbits and whether it has influence on studies using rabbits as experimental animal.

Citing Articles

Identification of a novel papillomavirus in oral swabs from giant pandas ().

Zhao Y, Zhao M, Zhang W Front Vet Sci. 2025; 11():1457471.

PMID: 39830168 PMC: 11738909. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1457471.

Viral metagenomic analysis reveals diverse viruses and a novel bocaparvovirus in the enteric virome of snow leopard ().

Chukwudozie K, Wang H, Wang X, Lu C, Xue J, Zhang W Heliyon. 2024; 10(8):e29799.

PMID: 38681641 PMC: 11053277. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29799.

The multiple roles of viral 3D protein in picornavirus infections.

Nie Z, Zhai F, Zhang H, Zheng H, Pei J Virulence. 2024; 15(1):2333562.

PMID: 38622757 PMC: 11020597. DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2333562.

References

Lin J, Chen T, Weng K, Chang S, Chen L, Shih S . Viral and host proteins involved in picornavirus life cycle. J Biomed Sci. 2009; 16:103. PMC: 2785775. DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-103. View

Whipps C, Gavard E, Cohen J, Ryan S . Gastrointestinal parasites of the New England cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus transitionalis) and eastern cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus) in the Hudson Valley, New York. Parasitol Res. 2019; 118(7):2257-2262. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06351-5. View

Doyle C, Nakamura R, Bing R, Rousseau B, Branski R . Mycoplasma affects baseline gene expression and the response to glucocorticoids in vocal fold fibroblasts. J Med Microbiol. 2021; 70(5). PMC: 8289201. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001362. View

Wang H, Ling Y, Shan T, Yang S, Xu H, Deng X . Gut virome of mammals and birds reveals high genetic diversity of the family . Virus Evol. 2019; 5(1):vez013. PMC: 6555873. DOI: 10.1093/ve/vez013. View

Pankovics P, Boros A, Kiss T, Reuter G . Identification and complete genome analysis of kobuvirus in faecal samples of European roller (Coracias garrulus): for the first time in a bird. Arch Virol. 2014; 160(1):345-51. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-014-2228-7. View

Buchfink B, Reuter K, Drost H . Sensitive protein alignments at tree-of-life scale using DIAMOND. Nat Methods. 2021; 18(4):366-368. PMC: 8026399. DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01101-x. View

Zell R, Delwart E, Gorbalenya A, Hovi T, King A, Knowles N . ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Picornaviridae. J Gen Virol. 2017; 98(10):2421-2422. PMC: 5725991. DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000911. View

Langmead B, Salzberg S . Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods. 2012; 9(4):357-9. PMC: 3322381. DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.1923. View

Jiang P, Liu Y, Ma H, Paul A, Wimmer E . Picornavirus morphogenesis. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2014; 78(3):418-37. PMC: 4187686. DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00012-14. View

10.

Pankovics P, Boros A, Toth Z, Phan T, Delwart E, Reuter G . Genetic characterization of a second novel picornavirus from an amphibian host, smooth newt (Lissotriton vulgaris). Arch Virol. 2016; 162(4):1043-1050. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3198-8. View

11.

Boros A, Pankovics P, Reuter G . Avian picornaviruses: molecular evolution, genome diversity and unusual genome features of a rapidly expanding group of viruses in birds. Infect Genet Evol. 2014; 28:151-66. DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.09.027. View

12.

Feng H, Sander A, Moreira-Soto A, Yamane D, Drexler J, Lemon S . Hepatovirus 3ABC proteases and evolution of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). J Hepatol. 2019; 71(1):25-34. PMC: 6581616. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.02.020. View

13.

Ao Y, Zhou Y, Li D, Duan Z . A novel picornavirus identified in wild Macaca mulatta in China. Arch Virol. 2019; 165(2):495-504. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04442-3. View

14.

Hargitai R, Pankovics P, Boros A, Matics R, Altan E, Delwart E . Novel picornavirus (family Picornaviridae) from freshwater fishes (Perca fluviatilis, Sander lucioperca, and Ameiurus melas) in Hungary. Arch Virol. 2021; 166(9):2627-2632. PMC: 8322000. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05167-y. View

15.

Langmead B, Wilks C, Antonescu V, Charles R . Scaling read aligners to hundreds of threads on general-purpose processors. Bioinformatics. 2018; 35(3):421-432. PMC: 6361242. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/bty648. View

16.

Hannigan G, Zheng Q, Meisel J, Minot S, Bushman F, Grice E . Evolutionary and functional implications of hypervariable loci within the skin virome. PeerJ. 2017; 5:e2959. PMC: 5299996. DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2959. View

17.

Mirdita M, Schutze K, Moriwaki Y, Heo L, Ovchinnikov S, Steinegger M . ColabFold: making protein folding accessible to all. Nat Methods. 2022; 19(6):679-682. PMC: 9184281. DOI: 10.1038/s41592-022-01488-1. View

18.

Hughes K, Borman A . Adiaspiromycosis in a wild European rabbit, and a review of the literature. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2018; 30(4):614-618. PMC: 6505896. DOI: 10.1177/1040638718772631. View

19.

Li D, Luo R, Liu C, Leung C, Ting H, Sadakane K . MEGAHIT v1.0: A fast and scalable metagenome assembler driven by advanced methodologies and community practices. Methods. 2016; 102:3-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.02.020. View

20.

Venkataraman S, Reddy S, Loo J, Idamakanti N, Hallenbeck P, Reddy V . Structure of Seneca Valley Virus-001: an oncolytic picornavirus representing a new genus. Structure. 2008; 16(10):1555-61. PMC: 2572565. DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2008.07.013. View