Effect of the Interaction Between Advanced Maternal Age and Pre-pregnancy BMI on Pre-eclampsia and GDM in Central China

Overview

Journal BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2023 Apr 21

PMID 37085280

Authors

Mengting Sun

Manjun Luo

Tingting Wang

Jianhui Wei

Senmao Zhang

Jing Shu

Taowei Zhong

Yiping Liu

Qian Chen

Ping Zhu

Jiabi Qin

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: To investigate the independent and combined effects of advanced maternal age and pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) on the risk of pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Research Design And Methods: Logistic regression models were used to estimate the OR and 95% CIs of pre-eclampsia and GDM with advanced maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI, respectively, and the interaction between advanced maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI. We also used causal mediation analysis to assess the mediating role of pre-pregnancy BMI on maternal age-pre-eclampsia/GDM associations.

Results: In this study, 788 cases (2.31%) were diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and 5430 cases (15.92%) were diagnosed with GDM. We found that advanced maternal age was associated with a higher risk for pre-eclampsia and GDM, with adjusted ORs (aORs) of 1.74 (95% CI 1.49-2.05) and 1.76 (95% CI 1.65-1.89) after adjusting for potential confounders, respectively. In addition, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity was associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia and GDM, with the corresponding aORs of 3.64 (95% CI 3.12-4.24) and 1.71 (95% CI 1.60-1.85), respectively. We also observed the interaction between maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI for the risk of pre-eclampsia/GDM (all p for interaction <0.001). In the mediating effect analysis, we found that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI mediated the associations between maternal age and the development of pre-eclampsia and GDM.

Conclusions: Advanced maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI were respectively associated with the risk of pre-eclampsia/GDM, and there was an interaction between the two risk factors. In addition, we found that pre-pregnancy BMI served as a mediator of the association between advanced maternal age and the risk of pre-eclampsia/GDM, providing an essential target for the prevention of maternal overweight/obesity.

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