Regulation and Functions of Membrane Lipids: Insights from

Overview

Journal BBA Adv

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2023 Apr 21

PMID 37082601

Authors

Muhasin Koyiloth

Sathyanarayana N Gummadi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The plasma membrane is composed of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids with a small cholesterol. The obtain the majority of the membrane lipids by modifying fatty acids present in the bacterial diet. The metabolic pathways of membrane lipid biosynthesis are well conserved across the animal kingdom. In CDP-DAG and Kennedy pathway produce glycerophospholipids. Meanwhile, the sphingolipids are synthesized through a different pathway. They have evolved remarkably diverse mechanisms to maintain membrane lipid homeostasis. For instance, the lipid bilayer stress operates to accomplish homeostasis during any perturbance in the lipid composition. Meanwhile, the PAQR-2/IGLR-2 complex works with FLD-1 to balance unsaturated to saturated fatty acids to maintain membrane fluidity. The loss of membrane lipid homeostasis is observed in many human genetic and metabolic disorders. Since conserved such genes and pathways, it can be used as a model organism.

Citing Articles

Exploring diabesity pathophysiology through proteomic analysis using .

Subhadra M, Mir D, Ankita K, Sindunathy M, Kishore H, Ravichandiran V Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024; 15:1383520.

PMID: 39539936 PMC: 11557309. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1383520.

Decoding lifespan secrets: the role of the gonad in aging.

Pires da Silva A, Kelleher R, Reynoldson L Front Aging. 2024; 5:1380016.

PMID: 38605866 PMC: 11008531. DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2024.1380016.

Could Life Have Started on Mars? Planetary Conditions That Assemble and Destroy Protocells.

Cary F, Deamer D, Damer B, Fagents S, Ruttenberg K, Donachie S Life (Basel). 2024; 14(3).

PMID: 38541739 PMC: 10971489. DOI: 10.3390/life14030415.

References

Benjamin D, Cozzo A, Ji X, Roberts L, Louie S, Mulvihill M . Ether lipid generating enzyme AGPS alters the balance of structural and signaling lipids to fuel cancer pathogenicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013; 110(37):14912-7. PMC: 3773741. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310894110. View

Susin S, Lorenzo H, Zamzami N, Marzo I, Snow B, Brothers G . Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor. Nature. 1999; 397(6718):441-6. DOI: 10.1038/17135. View

Lee D, An S, Jung Y, Yamaoka Y, Ryu Y, Goh G . MDT-15/MED15 permits longevity at low temperature via enhancing lipidostasis and proteostasis. PLoS Biol. 2019; 17(8):e3000415. PMC: 6692015. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000415. View

Escriba P . Membrane-lipid therapy: A historical perspective of membrane-targeted therapies - From lipid bilayer structure to the pathophysiological regulation of cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2017; 1859(9 Pt B):1493-1506. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.017. View

Vanier M, Millat G . Niemann-Pick disease type C. Clin Genet. 2003; 64(4):269-81. DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2003.00147.x. View

Zhang S, Box A, Xu N, Le Men J, Yu J, Guo F . Genetic and dietary regulation of lipid droplet expansion in Caenorhabditis elegans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010; 107(10):4640-5. PMC: 2842062. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0912308107. View

Melendez A, Talloczy Z, Seaman M, Eskelinen E, Hall D, Levine B . Autophagy genes are essential for dauer development and life-span extension in C. elegans. Science. 2003; 301(5638):1387-91. DOI: 10.1126/science.1087782. View

Tobin D, Madsen D, Kahn-Kirby A, Peckol E, Moulder G, Barstead R . Combinatorial expression of TRPV channel proteins defines their sensory functions and subcellular localization in C. elegans neurons. Neuron. 2002; 35(2):307-18. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(02)00757-2. View

Lagace T, Ridgway N . The role of phospholipids in the biological activity and structure of the endoplasmic reticulum. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013; 1833(11):2499-510. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.05.018. View

10.

Perez M, Magtanong L, Dixon S, Watts J . Dietary Lipids Induce Ferroptosis in Caenorhabditiselegans and Human Cancer Cells. Dev Cell. 2020; 54(4):447-454.e4. PMC: 7483868. DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.06.019. View

11.

Merris M, Wadsworth W, Khamrai U, Bittman R, Chitwood D, Lenard J . Sterol effects and sites of sterol accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans: developmental requirement for 4alpha-methyl sterols. J Lipid Res. 2003; 44(1):172-81. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m200323-jlr200. View

12.

Lee B, Sur B, Han J, Shim I, Her S, Lee Y . Oral administration of squid lecithin-transphosphatidylated phosphatidylserine improves memory impairment in aged rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2014; 56:1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.07.004. View

13.

Volmer R, van der Ploeg K, Ron D . Membrane lipid saturation activates endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response transducers through their transmembrane domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013; 110(12):4628-33. PMC: 3606975. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217611110. View

14.

Deng J, Bai X, Tang H, Pang S . DNA damage promotes ER stress resistance through elevation of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Biol Chem. 2020; 296:100095. PMC: 7949029. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.016083. View

15.

Engelman D . Membranes are more mosaic than fluid. Nature. 2005; 438(7068):578-80. DOI: 10.1038/nature04394. View

16.

Shi X, Tarazona P, Brock T, Browse J, Feussner I, Watts J . A Caenorhabditis elegans model for ether lipid biosynthesis and function. J Lipid Res. 2015; 57(2):265-75. PMC: 4727422. DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M064808. View

17.

Braverman N, Moser A . Functions of plasmalogen lipids in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012; 1822(9):1442-52. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.05.008. View

18.

Boyd W, Crocker T, Rodriguez A, Leung M, Lehmann D, Freedman J . Nucleotide excision repair genes are expressed at low levels and are not detectably inducible in Caenorhabditis elegans somatic tissues, but their function is required for normal adult life after UVC exposure. Mutat Res. 2009; 683(1-2):57-67. PMC: 2799044. DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.10.008. View

19.

Devkota R, Svensk E, Ruiz M, Stahlman M, Boren J, Pilon M . The adiponectin receptor AdipoR2 and its Caenorhabditis elegans homolog PAQR-2 prevent membrane rigidification by exogenous saturated fatty acids. PLoS Genet. 2017; 13(9):e1007004. PMC: 5607217. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007004. View

20.

Link C . C. elegans models of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases: lessons from transgenic worm models of Alzheimer's disease. Exp Gerontol. 2006; 41(10):1007-13. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2006.06.059. View