Assessment of Immunologically Potent Carbohydrates

Overview

Journal Methods Mol Biol

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2023 Feb 16

PMID 36795364

Authors

Denong Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Carbohydrates have a great potential in generating structural and immunological diversities. Microbial pathogens often decorate their outmost surfaces with specific carbohydrate signatures. Carbohydrate antigens also differ significantly from protein antigens in physiochemical properties, especially in surface display of antigenic determinants in aqueous solutions. Technical optimization or modifications are often needed when we apply standard procedures for protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess immunologically potent carbohydrates. We present here our laboratory protocols for performing carbohydrate ELISA and discuss several assay platforms that may be applied complementarily to explore the carbohydrate moieties that are critical for host immune recognition and induction of glycan-specific antibody responses.

Citing Articles

Follicular metabolic dysfunction, oocyte aneuploidy and ovarian aging: a review.

Wu D, Liu C, Ding L J Ovarian Res. 2025; 18(1):53.

PMID: 40075456 PMC: 11900476. DOI: 10.1186/s13048-025-01633-2.

References

Granoff D, Maslanka S, Carlone G, Plikaytis B, Santos G, Mokatrin A . A modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measurement of antibody responses to meningococcal C polysaccharide that correlate with bactericidal responses. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1998; 5(4):479-85. PMC: 95603. DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.5.4.479-485.1998. View

Schneerson R, Robbins J, Barrera O, Sutton A, Habig W, HARDEGREE M . Haemophilus influenzae type B polysaccharide-protein conjugates: model for a new generation of capsular polysaccharide vaccines. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1980; 47:77-94. View

Wernette C, Frasch C, Madore D, Carlone G, Goldblatt D, Plikaytis B . Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitation of human antibodies to pneumococcal polysaccharides. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003; 10(4):514-9. PMC: 164258. DOI: 10.1128/cdli.10.4.514-519.2003. View

Wang D . Glyco-epitope Diversity: An Evolving Area of Glycomics Research and Biomarker Discovery. J Proteomics Bioinform. 2014; 7(2). PMC: 4219575. DOI: 10.4172/jpb.10000e24. View

Ezzell Jr J, Abshire T, Little S, Lidgerding B, Brown C . Identification of Bacillus anthracis by using monoclonal antibody to cell wall galactose-N-acetylglucosamine polysaccharide. J Clin Microbiol. 1990; 28(2):223-31. PMC: 269580. DOI: 10.1128/jcm.28.2.223-231.1990. View

Wang D, Dafik L, Nolley R, Huang W, Wolfinger R, Wang L . Anti-Oligomannose Antibodies as Potential Serum Biomarkers of Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Drug Dev Res. 2014; 74(2):65-80. PMC: 4139012. DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21063. View

Wang D, Carroll G, Turro N, Koberstein J, Kovac P, Saksena R . Photogenerated glycan arrays identify immunogenic sugar moieties of Bacillus anthracis exosporium. Proteomics. 2007; 7(2):180-4. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600478. View

Mond J, Lees A, Snapper C . T cell-independent antigens type 2. Annu Rev Immunol. 1995; 13:655-92. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.iy.13.040195.003255. View

Inzana T, Champion A . Use of an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of capsular polysaccharide or proteins in vaccines. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2007; 14(3):323-7. PMC: 1828856. DOI: 10.1128/CVI.00302-06. View

10.

Dochez A, AVERY O . THE ELABORATION OF SPECIFIC SOLUBLE SUBSTANCE BY PNEUMOCOCCUS DURING GROWTH. J Exp Med. 2009; 26(4):477-93. PMC: 2125788. DOI: 10.1084/jem.26.4.477. View

11.

Wang D, Liu S, Trummer B, Deng C, Wang A . Carbohydrate microarrays for the recognition of cross-reactive molecular markers of microbes and host cells. Nat Biotechnol. 2002; 20(3):275-81. DOI: 10.1038/nbt0302-275. View

12.

Kok-Jacon G, Vincken J, Suurs L, Wang D, Liu S, Visser R . Production of dextran in transgenic potato plants. Transgenic Res. 2005; 14(4):385-95. DOI: 10.1007/s11248-005-0439-0. View

13.

Heidelberger M, AVERY O . THE SOLUBLE SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE OF PNEUMOCOCCUS. J Exp Med. 2009; 38(1):73-9. PMC: 2128423. DOI: 10.1084/jem.38.1.73. View

14.

Robbins J, Schneerson R . Polysaccharide-protein conjugates: a new generation of vaccines. J Infect Dis. 1990; 161(5):821-32. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/161.5.821. View

15.

Lucas A, Rittenhouse-Olson K, Kronenberg M, Apicella M, Wang D, Schreiber J . Carbohydrate Moieties as Vaccine Candidates: meeting summary. Vaccine. 2008; 28(4):1121-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.05.055. View