Assessment of the Maximum Amount of Orthodontic Force for Dental Pulp and Apical Neuro-Vascular Bundle in Intact and Reduced Periodontium on Bicuspids (Part II)

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2023 Jan 21

PMID 36673936

Authors

Radu Andrei Moga

Cristian Doru Olteanu

Mircea Botez

Stefan Marius Buru

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This study examines 0.6 N-4.8 N as the maximum orthodontic force to be applied to dental pulp and apical NVB on intact and 1-8 mm reduced periodontal-ligament (PDL), in connection with movement and ischemic, necrotic and resorptive risk. In addition, it examines whether the Tresca finite-element-analysis (FEA) criterion is more adequate for the examination of dental pulp and its apical NVB. Eighty-one (nine patients, with nine models for each patient) anatomically correct models of the periodontium, with the second lower-premolar reconstructed with its apical NVB and dental pulp were assembled, based on X-ray CBCT (cone-beam-computed-tomography) examinations and subjected to 0.6 N, 1.2 N, 2.4 N and 4.8 N of intrusion, extrusion, translation, rotation, and tipping. The Tresca failure criterion was applied, and the shear stress was assessed. Forces of 0.6 N, 1.2 N, and 2.4 N had negligible effects on apical NVB and dental pulp up to 8 mm of periodontal breakdown. A force of 4.8 N was safely applied to apical NVB on the intact periodontium only. Rotation and tipping seemed to be the most invasive movements for the apical NVB. For the dental pulp, only the translation and rotation movements seemed to display a particular risk of ischemia, necrosis, and internal orthodontic-resorption for both coronal (0-8 mm of loss) and radicular pulp (4-8 mm of loss), despite the amount of stress being lower than the MHP. The Tresca failure criterion seems more suitable than other criteria for apical NVB and dental pulp.

Citing Articles

Impact of Molar Distalization with Clear Aligners on Periodontal Ligament Stress and Root Resorption Risk: A Systematic Review of 3D Finite Element Analysis Studies.

Nazeri A, Castillo Jr J, Ghaffari-Rafi A Dent J (Basel). 2025; 13(2).

PMID: 39996940 PMC: 11854506. DOI: 10.3390/dj13020065.

Five Numerical Methods to Assess the Ischemic Risks in Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle Under Orthodontic Movements in Intact Periodontium In Vitro.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A Dent J (Basel). 2025; 13(1).

PMID: 39851591 PMC: 11763361. DOI: 10.3390/dj13010015.

Periodontal Breakdown, Orthodontic Movements and Pulpal Ischemia Correlations-A Comparison Between Five Study Methods.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A J Clin Med. 2024; 13(23).

PMID: 39685521 PMC: 11642841. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13237062.

Ischemic Risks Induced by Larger Orthodontic Forces on Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle in Reduced Periodontium.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A J Clin Med. 2024; 13(22).

PMID: 39597842 PMC: 11594315. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13226698.

The Effect of Larger Orthodontic Forces and Movement Types over a Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle of Lower Premolars in Intact Periodontium-A Numerical Analysis.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A Dent J (Basel). 2024; 12(10).

PMID: 39452456 PMC: 11505863. DOI: 10.3390/dj12100328.

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