Effect of Orthodontic Force on Dental Pulp Histomorphology and Tissue Factor Expression

Overview

Journal Angle Orthod

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2021 Oct 20

PMID 34670269

Citations 13

Authors

Filipe Colombo Vitali

Ihan Vitor Cardoso

Fernanda Weber Mello

Carlos Flores-Mir

Ana Cristina Andrada

Kamile Leonardi Dutra-Horstmann

Thais Mageste Duque

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of orthodontic force on histomorphology and tissue factor expression in the dental pulp.

Materials And Methods: Two reviewers comprehensively and systematically searched the literature in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Grey literature (Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest) up to September 2020. According to the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, Studies criteria, randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and observational studies that evaluated the effects of orthodontic force on dental pulp were included. Case series/reports, laboratory-based or animal studies, reviews, and studies that did not investigate the association between orthodontic force and pulpal changes were excluded. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane risk-of-bias tool were used to assess the risk of bias. The overall certainty level was evaluated with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool.

Results: 26 observational studies and five RCTs were included. A detailed qualitative analysis of articles showed a wide range of samples and applied methodologies concerning impact of orthodontic force on the dental pulp. The application of orthodontic force seems to promote several pulpal histomorphological changes, including tissue architecture, cell pattern, angiogenesis, hard tissue deposition, inflammation, and alteration of the expression levels of 14 tissue factors.

Conclusions: Although the included articles suggest that orthodontic forces may promote histomorphological changes in the dental pulp, due to the very low-level of evidence obtained, there could be no well-supported conclusion that these effects are actually due to orthodontic movement. Further studies with larger samples and improved methods are needed to support more robust conclusions.

Citing Articles

Five Numerical Methods to Assess the Ischemic Risks in Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle Under Orthodontic Movements in Intact Periodontium In Vitro.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A Dent J (Basel). 2025; 13(1).

PMID: 39851591 PMC: 11763361. DOI: 10.3390/dj13010015.

The Amount of Orthodontic Force Reaching the Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle During Orthodontic Movements in the Intact Periodontium.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A Medicina (Kaunas). 2025; 60(12.

PMID: 39768924 PMC: 11727835. DOI: 10.3390/medicina60122045.

Periodontal Breakdown, Orthodontic Movements and Pulpal Ischemia Correlations-A Comparison Between Five Study Methods.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A J Clin Med. 2024; 13(23).

PMID: 39685521 PMC: 11642841. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13237062.

Ischemic Risks Induced by Larger Orthodontic Forces on Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle in Reduced Periodontium.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A J Clin Med. 2024; 13(22).

PMID: 39597842 PMC: 11594315. DOI: 10.3390/jcm13226698.

The Effect of Larger Orthodontic Forces and Movement Types over a Dental Pulp and Neuro-Vascular Bundle of Lower Premolars in Intact Periodontium-A Numerical Analysis.

Moga R, Olteanu C, Delean A Dent J (Basel). 2024; 12(10).

PMID: 39452456 PMC: 11505863. DOI: 10.3390/dj12100328.

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