Pathology of Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cholangiocarcinoma: An Update

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2023 Jan 21

PMID 36672443

Authors

Florian Rossner

Bruno Valentin Sinn

David Horst

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer that is composed of both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular differentiated cells. It is slightly more common in men and among Asian and Pacific islanders. Overall, risk factors are similar to classic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The classification has significantly evolved over time. The last WHO classification (2019) mainly emphasized diagnosis on morphological basis with routine stainings, discarded previously recognized classifications with carcinomas with stem cell features, introduced intermediate cell carcinoma as a specific subtype and considered cholangiolocarcinoma as a subtype of cholangiocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers may be applied for further specification but have limited value for diagnosis. Recent discoveries in molecular pathway regulation may pioneer new therapeutic approaches for this poor prognostic and challenging diagnosis.

Citing Articles

Prognostic Impact of CCA Components in Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cholangiocarcinoma.

Zhu Z, Yang C, Zeng M, Zhou C J Hepatocell Carcinoma. 2024; 11:2483-2492.

PMID: 39712948 PMC: 11663380. DOI: 10.2147/JHC.S491243.

Context-Dependent Distinct Roles of SOX9 in Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cholangiocarcinoma.

Park Y, Hu S, Kim M, Oertel M, Singhi A, Monga S Cells. 2024; 13(17.

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Treatments and prognostic outcomes of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma with distant metastasis: an analysis based on SEER data.

Zhang L, Lu Y, Chen Y, Lu X, Lao X Transl Cancer Res. 2024; 13(7):3318-3327.

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Misdiagnosis Based on Neoplastic Markers-Extremely High Alpha-Fetoprotein in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma with Literature Review of the Published Cases.

Jakimow K, Tekiela N, Kozak K, Peterek R, Kwasniewska A, Pajak J Medicina (Kaunas). 2024; 60(7).

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Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: A clinicopathological update.

Vij M, Veerankutty F, Rammohan A, Rela M World J Hepatol. 2024; 16(5):766-775.

PMID: 38818284 PMC: 11135265. DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i5.766.

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