Biochemical and Molecular Biomarkers: Unraveling Their Role in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Overview

Journal Diabetol Metab Syndr

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2023 Jan 11

PMID 36631877

Authors

Masoumeh Karami

Seyyed Hossein Mousavi

Mohammad Rafiee

Reza Heidari

Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy, causing short- and long-term complications for both mother and baby. GDM is a multifactorial disease, and it may be affected by interactions between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. However, the exact etiology is poorly understood. Despite the high prevalence of GDM, there is still debate regarding the optimal time for screening, the diagnostic threshold to apply, and the best strategies for treatment. Identifying effective strategies for therapeutic purposes as well as accurate biomarkers for prognostic and diagnostic purposes will reduce the GDM incidence and improve its management. In recent years, new biochemical and molecular biomarkers such as microRNAs, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and DNA methylation have received great interest in the diagnosis of GDM. In this review, we discuss current and future diagnostic approaches for the detection of GDM and evaluate lifestyle and pharmacological strategies for GDM prevention.

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