Antibiotics: Precious Goods in Changing Times

Overview

Journal Methods Mol Biol

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2022 Nov 29

PMID 36445576

Authors

Peter Sass

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Antibiotics represent a first line of defense of diverse microorganisms, which produce and use antibiotics to counteract natural enemies or competitors for nutritional resources in their nearby environment. For antimicrobial activity, nature has invented a great variety of antibiotic modes of action that involve the perturbation of essential bacterial structures or biosynthesis pathways of macromolecules such as the bacterial cell wall, DNA, RNA, or proteins, thereby threatening the specific microbial lifestyle and eventually even survival. However, along with highly inventive modes of antibiotic action, nature also developed a comparable set of resistance mechanisms that help the bacteria to circumvent antibiotic action. Microorganisms have evolved specific adaptive responses that allow to appropriately react to the presence of antimicrobial agents, thereby ensuring survival during antimicrobial stress. In times of rapid development and spread of antibiotic (multi-)resistance, new resistance-breaking strategies to counteract bacterial infections are desperately needed. This chapter is an update to Chapter 1 of the first edition of this book and intends to give an overview of common antibiotics and their target pathways. It will also present examples for new antibiotics with novel modes of action, illustrating that nature's repertoire of innovative new antimicrobial agents has not been fully exploited yet, and we still might find new drugs that help to evade established antimicrobial resistance strategies.

Citing Articles

Secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity produced by thermophilic bacteria from a high-altitude hydrothermal system.

Pardo-Este C, Cortes J, Castro-Severyn J, Perez V, Henriquez-Aedo K, Cuadros F Front Microbiol. 2024; 15:1477458.

PMID: 39411441 PMC: 11474921. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1477458.

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