Sex-Dependent Responses to Maternal Exposure to PM in the Offspring

Overview

Journal Antioxidants (Basel)

Date 2022 Nov 24

PMID 36421441

Authors

Hui Chen

David van Reyk

Annabel Oliveira

Yik Lung Chan

Stephanie El Town

Benjamin Rayner

Carol A Pollock

Sonia Saad

Jacob George

Matthew P Padula

Brian G Oliver

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

: Particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM) can cross the blood-placental barrier causing adverse foetal outcomes. However, the impact of maternal exposure to low-levels of PM on liver health and the metabolic profile is unclear. This study aimed to investigate hepatic responses to long-term gestational low-dose PM exposure, and whether the removal of PM after conception can prevent such effects. : Female Balb/c mice (8 weeks) were exposed to PM (5 μg/day) for 6 weeks prior to mating, during gestation and lactation to model living in a polluted environment (PM group). In a sub-group, PM exposure was stopped post-conception to model mothers moving to areas with clean air (pre-gestation, Pre) group. Livers were studied in 13-week old offspring. : Female offspring in both PM and Pre groups had increased liver triglyceride and glycogen levels, glucose intolerance, but reduced serum insulin and insulin resistance. Male offspring from only the Pre group had increased liver and serum triglycerides, increased liver glycogen, glucose intolerance and higher fasting glucose level. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were increased in females from PM and Pre groups. There was also a significant sex difference in the hepatic response to PM with differential changes in several metabolic markers identified by proteomic analysis. : Maternal PM exposure exerted sex-dependent effects on liver health with more severe impacts on females. The removal of PM during gestation provided limited protection in the offspring's metabolism regardless of sex.

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