Novel Plasmid Carrying Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene and Mercury Resistance Genes in Shewanella Baltica: Insights into Mobilization of in Species

Overview

Journal Microbiol Spectr

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2022 Nov 14

PMID 36374025

Authors

Nachiket P Marathe

Francisco Salva-Serra

Priyank S Nimje

Edward R B Moore

Affiliations

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Abstract

species have been identified as progenitors of several clinically important antibiotic resistance genes. The aim of our study was to analyze Shewanella baltica strains isolated from the gut contents of wild Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) for the presence of both known and novel variants of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), using Illumina-based whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Thirty-three S. baltica strains were isolated from Atlantic mackerel collected in the northern North Sea. WGS revealed the presence of several new variants of class C and class D beta-lactamases. Nearly 42% (14/33) of the strains carried the mobile colistin resistance gene . To understand the genetic context of , we determined the complete genome sequence of strain 11FHM2, using a combination of Oxford Nanopore- and Illumina-based sequencing. The complete genome sequence is 5,406,724 bp long, with one contig representing a chromosome of 5,068,880 bp and three contigs representing novel plasmids (pSBP1, 194,145 bp; pSBP2_mcr4, 86,727 bp; and pSBP3, 56,972 bp). Plasmid pSBP2_mcr4 contains the mobile colistin resistance gene , as well as the mercury resistance operon . Plasmid pSBP1 carries genes encoding resistance against copper, zinc, chromium, and arsenic. Plasmid pSBP3 does not carry any antibiotic or heavy metal resistance genes. Analysis of the flanking region of suggests that a phage integrase may be involved in the mobilization of in spp. Our results provide insights into the mobile present in spp. and highlight the importance of the marine environment in the emergence and dissemination of clinically important resistance genes. We identified two new plasmids in Shewanella baltica isolated from wild Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) collected from the northern North Sea, one plasmid carrying the gene for colistin resistance and the operon for mercury resistance and the other carrying multiple heavy metal resistance genes. The marine environment has been recognized as a source of new resistance genes that are found in human pathogens. Selection pressure from heavy metals is seen in the marine environment, especially associated with human activities, such as waste discharge, mining, and in aquaculture settings. This would help maintain and disseminate these plasmids in the environment. Our study provides insights into the mobilization of colistin resistance genes in spp. and highlights the importance of the marine environment in the emergence and dissemination of clinically important antibiotic resistance genes.

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