SRSF5-Mediated Alternative Splicing of M Gene is Essential for Influenza A Virus Replication: A Host-Directed Target Against Influenza Virus

Overview

Journal Adv Sci (Weinh)

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2022 Oct 18

PMID 36257906

Authors

Qiuchen Li

Zhimin Jiang

Shuning Ren

Hui Guo

Zhimin Song

Saini Chen

Xintao Gao

Fanfeng Meng

Junda Zhu

Litao Liu

Qi Tong

Honglei Sun

Yipeng Sun

Juan Pu

Kin-Chow Chang

Jinhua Liu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Splicing of influenza A virus (IAV) RNA is an essential process in the viral life cycle that involves the co-opting of host factors. Here, it is demonstrated that induction of host serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5) by IAV facilitated viral replication by enhancing viral M mRNA splicing. Mechanistically, SRSF5 with its RRM2 domain directly bounds M mRNA at conserved sites (M mRNA position 163, 709, and 712), and interacts with U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) to promote M mRNA splicing and M2 production. Mutations introduced to the three binding sites, without changing amino acid code, significantly attenuates virus replication and pathogenesis in vivo. Likewise, SRSF5 conditional knockout in the lung protects mice against lethal IAV challenge. Furthermore, anidulafungin, an approved antifungal drug, is identified as an inhibitor of SRSF5 that effectively blocks IAV replication in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, SRSF5 as an activator of M mRNA splicing promotes IAV replication and is a host-derived antiviral target.

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