Aqueous Extract Antagonises Chronic and Binges Ethanol Feeding-Induced Memory Dysfunctions: Insights into Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms

Ethanol consumption is widely accepted despite its addictive properties and its mind-altering effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of against, memory impairment, on a mouse model of chronic and binges ethanol feeding. Mice were divided, into groups of 8 animals each, and received distilled water, aqueous extract (25; 50; 100; or 200 mg/kg) or memantine (200 mg/kg) once a day, while fe, with Lieber-DeCarli control (sham group only) or Lieber-DeCarli ethanol diet ad libitum for 28 days. The maze and the novel object recognition (NOR) tests were used to evaluate spatial short-term and recognition memory, respectively. Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, glutathione levels, and proinflammatory cytokines (Il-1, TNF- and Il-6) were evaluated in brain homogenates following behavioral assessments. The results showed that chronic ethanol administration in mice was associated with a significant ( < 0.001) reduction in the spontaneous alternation percentage and the discrimination index, in the maze and the NOR tests, respectively. It significantly ( < 0.01) increased oxidative stress and inflammation markers levels in the brain. (100 and 200 mg/kg) as well as memantine (200 mg/kg) significantly ( < 0.001) increased the percentage of spontaneous alternation and the discrimination index, in the maze and NOR tests, respectively. (100 and 200 mg/kg) likewise memantine (200 mg/kg) significantly ( < 0.01) alleviated ethanol-induced increase, in the brain malondialdehyde level, nitric oxide, Il-1, TNF- and Il-6. From these findings, it can be concluded that counteracted memory impairment, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation induced by chronic ethanol consumption in mice.