Different Effects of Vegetative Cells and Spore Isolates on Constipation-induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice

() can improve and prevent functional gastrointestinal disorders. However, there has been little discussion in the literature on the difference between spores and vegetative cells for relieving constipation. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of () vegetative cells and spores against loperamide-induced constipation in mice. According to our findings, vegetative cells and spores differ in their ability to relieve loperamide-induced constipation. Two of the three strains of spores used in this experiment, GBI-30 6086 and 90, were significantly different from the model group in relieving constipation. This mainly manifested as a decreased time required for first black stool defecation (by 52 and 79 min, respectively), and increased counts of the first black stools in 5 h (by 15 and 8, respectively), the small intestine transit rate (by 23.31% and 20.52%, respectively), and the concentration of SCFAs. While the administration of vegetative cells could only relieve some indicators of intestinal transit disorders and dysbacteriosis caused by constipation. Spores of GBI-30 6086 and 90 had higher survival rates in the simulated gastrointestinal tract environment, which indicated that the functional modes of the three strains were different and had a strong relationship with the morphology of the bacteria. GBI-30 6086 and 90 spores alleviate constipation by increasing the abundances of Actinobacteria, Deferribacteres, and UCG-006 (which were positively correlated with SCFAs) and decreasing the abundances of Cyanobateria and _RC9_gut group (which were negatively correlated with SCFAs) and the levels of UGC-014 and . In this study, the effects of probiotics in the form of spore or vegetative cell were compared, and the optimal preparation form was determined, providing a theoretical basis for the application of probiotics of to relieve constipation.