Microsatellite Instability: From the Implementation of the Detection to a Prognostic and Predictive Role in Cancers

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2022 Aug 12

PMID 35955855

Authors

Martina Amato

Renato Franco

Gaetano Facchini

Raffaele Addeo

Fortunato Ciardiello

Massimiliano Berretta

Giulia Vita

Alessandro Sgambato

Sandro Pignata

Michele Caraglia

Marina Accardo

Federica Zito Marino

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been identified in several tumors arising from either germline or somatic aberration. The presence of MSI in cancer predicts the sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors. To date, the predictive role of MSI is currently used in the selection of colorectal cancer patients for immunotherapy; moreover, the expansion of clinical trials into other cancer types may elucidate the predictive value of MSI for non-colorectal tumors. In clinical practice, several assays are used for MSI testing, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). In this review, we provide an overview of MSI in various cancer types, highlighting its potential predictive/prognostic role and the clinical trials performed. Finally, we focus on the comparison data between the different assays used to detect MSI in clinical practice.

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