Recombination Events Drives the Emergence of Colombian Subpopulations with Self-identity Ancestry

have coevolved with mankind since its origins, adapting to different human groups. In America, has evolved into several subpopulations. We analysed the genome of 154 Colombian strains along with 1,091 strains from worldwide populations to discern the ancestry and adaption to Colombian people. Population structure and ancestry was inferred with FineStructure and ChromoPainter. Phylogenetic relationship and the relative effect of recombination were analysing the core SNPs. Also, a Fst index was calculated to identify the gene variants with the strongest fixation in the Colombian subpopulations compared to their parent population . FineStructure allowed the identification of two Colombian subpopulations, the previously described and a novel subpopulation named , that included three subgroups following their geographic origin. Colombian subpopulations represent an admixture of European, African and Indigenous ancestry; although some genomes showed a high proportion of self identity, suggesting an advanced adaption to these mestizo Colombian groups. We found that recombination is more important that punctual mutations in genome diversity, 13.9 more important in , 12.5 in and 10.5 in , reflecting the divergence of these subpopulations. Fst analysis identified 82 SNPs fixed in 26 genes of the subpopulation that encode for outer membrane and central metabolism proteins. Strongest fixation indexes were identified in genes encoding HofC, HopE, FrpB-4 and Sialidase A. These findings demonstrate that has evolved in Colombia to give rise to subpopulations with a self identity ancestry, reflected in allele changes on genes encoding for outer membrane proteins.