Imaging of Uveal Melanoma-Current Standard and Methods in Development

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2022 Jul 9

PMID 35804919

Authors

Malgorzata Solnik

Natalia Paduszynska

Anna M Czarnecka

Kamil J Synoradzki

Yacoub A Yousef

Tomasz Choragiewicz

Robert Rejdak

Mario Damiano Toro

Sandrine Zweifel

Katarzyna Dyndor

Michal Fiedorowicz

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, characterized by an insidious onset and poor prognosis strongly associated with tumor size and the presence of distant metastases, most commonly in the liver. Contrary to most tumor identification, a biopsy followed by a pathological exam is used only in certain cases. Therefore, an early and noninvasive diagnosis is essential to enhance patients' chances for early treatment. We reviewed imaging modalities currently used in the diagnostics of uveal melanoma, including fundus imaging, ultrasonography (US), optical coherence tomography (OCT), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), as well as positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The principle of imaging techniques is briefly explained, along with their role in the diagnostic process and a summary of their advantages and limitations. Further, the experimental data and the advancements in imaging modalities are explained. We describe UM imaging innovations, show their current usage and development, and explain the possibilities of utilizing such modalities to diagnose uveal melanoma in the future.

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