Permeabilizes the Host Cell Membrane by Short Chain Lysophosphatidylethanolamines

Overview

Journal Gut Microbes

Specialties Gastroenterology
Microbiology

Date 2022 Jul 7

PMID 35797141

Authors

Xuefeng Cao

Chris H A van de Lest

Liane Z X Huang

Jos P M van Putten

Marc M S M Wosten

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lysophospholipids (LPLs) are crucial for regulating epithelial integrity and homeostasis in eukaryotes, however the effects of LPLs produced by bacteria on host cells is largely unknown. The membrane of the human bacterial pathogen is rich in LPLs. Although possesses several virulence factors, it lacks traditional virulence factors like type III secretion systems, present in most enteropathogens. Here, we provide evidence that membrane lipids lysophosphatidylethanolamines (lysoPEs) of are able to lyse erythrocytes and are toxic for HeLa and Caco-2 cells. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays and confocal microscopy revealed that lysoPE permeabilizes the cells. LysoPE toxicity was partially rescued by oxidative stress inhibitors, indicating that intracellular reactive oxygen species may contribute to the cell damage. Our results show that especially the short-chain lysoPEs (C:14) which is abundantly present in the membrane may be considered as a novel virulence factor.

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