Anticancer Drug-Induced Capillary Leak Syndrome

Overview

Journal Kidney Int Rep

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Nephrology

Date 2022 May 16

PMID 35570987

Authors

Hassan Izzedine

Alexis Mathian

Zahir Amoura

Jia H Ng

Kenar D Jhaveri

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The term capillary leak syndrome (CLS) describes the manifestations associated with an increased capillary permeability to proteins leading to an escape of plasma from the blood circulatory system to surrounding tissues, muscle, organs, or body cavities. This results clinically in the typical triad of hypotension, edema, and elevated hematocrit. The more severe cases of CLS may present with cardiovascular collapse, shock, and death. The most classic form of this pathology is represented by the idiopathic systemic CLS (SCLS) also called Clarkson's disease, but capillary leaks are also described as adverse drug reactions foremost among which are anticancer drugs. This review will focus on oncologic drugs such as gemcitabine, therapeutic growth factors or cytokines, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that appear now as the strongest candidates for anticancer drug-induced CLS.

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