Allergic Bronchopulmonary Candidiasis: A Review of the Literature and a Case Report

Overview

Journal BMC Pulm Med

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Pulmonary Medicine

Date 2022 Apr 8

PMID 35392869

Authors

Martin Scurek

Eva Pokojova

Martina Doubkova

Kristian Brat

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary candidiasis (ABPC) is an uncommon clinical syndrome associated with immune hypersensitivity to Candida species.

Case Presentation: The case presentation describes a 58-year-old man with acute respiratory failure and bilateral lung infiltrates. Due to high inflammatory markers and a chest X-ray indicating lung infiltration, he was initially treated for pneumonia with combined antibiotics. Despite comprehensive treatment at the ICU, the patient's clinical status deteriorated rapidly, and further investigations provided a rare diagnosis of ABPC. After several days of combined corticosteroid and antifungal therapy, we observed rapid clinical improvement and subsequent resolution of the pulmonary infiltrates.

Conclusion: This case report presented a rare case of ABPC mimicking bilateral pneumonia and acute respiratory failure. Our case highlighted the importance of prompt corticosteroid and antifungal treatment initiation as it resulted in rapid clinical improvement and a near complete reversal of the bilateral lung infiltrates.

Citing Articles

Unconventional Activation of IRE1 Enhances Th17 Responses and Promotes Airway Neutrophilia.

Wu D, Zhang X, Zimmerly K, Wang R, Livingston A, Iwawaki T Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2024; 71(2):169-181.

PMID: 38593442 PMC: 11299091. DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2023-0424OC.

Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in a Young Patient With Normal Immune Function: A Case Report.

Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Zhai S, Xia H, Zhang X Front Public Health. 2022; 10:942282.

PMID: 35937275 PMC: 9353032. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.942282.

References

Asano K, Kamei K, Hebisawa A . Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis - pathophysiology, histology, diagnosis, and treatment. Asia Pac Allergy. 2018; 8(3):e24. PMC: 6073182. DOI: 10.5415/apallergy.2018.8.e24. View

Dhooria S, Agarwal R . Diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: a case-based approach. Future Microbiol. 2014; 9(10):1195-208. DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.74. View

Prattes J, Flick H, Pruller F, Koidl C, Raggam R, Palfner M . Novel tests for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in patients with underlying respiratory diseases. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014; 190(8):922-9. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201407-1275OC. View

Akiyama K, Mathison D, Riker J, Greenberger P, Patterson R . Allergic bronchopulmonary candidiasis. Chest. 1984; 85(5):699-701. DOI: 10.1378/chest.85.5.699. View

Agarwal R, Khan A, Garg M, Aggarwal A, Gupta D . Chest radiographic and computed tomographic manifestations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. World J Radiol. 2012; 4(4):141-50. PMC: 3351682. DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v4.i4.141. View

Panchal N, Bhagat R, Pant C, Shah A . Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: the spectrum of computed tomography appearances. Respir Med. 1997; 91(4):213-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0954-6111(97)90041-x. View

Agarwal R, Aggarwal A, Garg M, Saikia B, Chakrabarti A . Cut-off values of serum IgE (total and A. fumigatus -specific) and eosinophil count in differentiating allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis from asthma. Mycoses. 2014; 57(11):659-63. DOI: 10.1111/myc.12214. View

Li J, Fan L, Li M, Cao W, Xu J . Beneficial effects of Omalizumab therapy in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: A synthesis review of published literature. Respir Med. 2016; 122:33-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.11.019. View

Woolnough K, Fairs A, Pashley C, Wardlaw A . Allergic fungal airway disease: pathophysiologic and diagnostic considerations. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2014; 21(1):39-47. DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000129. View

10.

Esmaeilzadeh H, Kashef S, Hatami H, Alyasin S, Nabavizadeh H, Esmaeilzadeh E . Severe Allergic Bronchopulmonary Mycosis and Long-Term Follow-Up. Case Reports Immunol. 2018; 2018:4251673. PMC: 6109528. DOI: 10.1155/2018/4251673. View

11.

Agarwal R, Aggarwal A, Sehgal I, Dhooria S, Behera D, Chakrabarti A . Performance of serum galactomannan in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Mycoses. 2015; 58(7):408-12. DOI: 10.1111/myc.12334. View

12.

HINSON K, MOON A, Plummer N . Broncho-pulmonary aspergillosis; a review and a report of eight new cases. Thorax. 1952; 7(4):317-33. PMC: 1019200. DOI: 10.1136/thx.7.4.317. View

13.

Agarwal R, Aggarwal A, Dhooria S, Sehgal I, Garg M, Saikia B . A randomised trial of glucocorticoids in acute-stage allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis complicating asthma. Eur Respir J. 2015; 47(2):490-8. DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01475-2015. View

14.

Matsumoto H, Niimi A, Suzuki K, Kawai M, Matsui Y, Amitani R . Allergic granulomatous angiitis (Churg-Strauss syndrome) associated with allergic bronchopulmonary candidiasis. Respiration. 2000; 67(5):577-9. DOI: 10.1159/000029575. View

15.

Evans P, OConnor B, Fuller R, Barnes P, Chung K . Effect of inhaled corticosteroids on peripheral blood eosinophil counts and density profiles in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993; 91(2):643-50. DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(93)90270-p. View

16.

Ortega H, Llanos J, Lafeuille M, Duh M, Germain G, Lejeune D . Effects of systemic corticosteroids on blood eosinophil counts in asthma: real-world data. J Asthma. 2018; 56(8):808-815. DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1502301. View

17.

Agarwal R, Khan A, Aggarwal A, Saikia B, Gupta D, Chakrabarti A . Role of inhaled corticosteroids in the management of serological allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). Intern Med. 2011; 50(8):855-60. DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.50.4665. View

18.

Kashefi E, Seyedi S, Zomorodian K, Zare Shahrabadi Z, Zarrinfar H . Successful treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis due to in a child affected by systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report from Northeastern Iran. Clin Case Rep. 2021; 9(5):e04248. PMC: 8142405. DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4248. View

19.

Caillaud D, Costes F, Chalmet P, Payen F . Allergic Bronchopulmonary Candidiasis Mimicking COPD. Am J Med. 2019; 132(11):e797-e798. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.05.032. View

20.

Agarwal R, Khan A, Aggarwal A, Varma N, Garg M, Saikia B . Clinical relevance of peripheral blood eosinophil count in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. J Infect Public Health. 2011; 4(5-6):235-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2011.08.006. View