Tumor Irradiation May Facilitate the Detection of Tumor-specific Mutations in Plasma

Overview

Journal World J Clin Oncol

Publisher Baishideng Publishing Group

Specialty Oncology

Date 2022 Jan 24

PMID 35070740

Authors

Ekaterina Kuligina

Fedor Moiseyenko

Sergey Belukhin

Ekaterina Stepanova

Maria Zakharova

Vera Chernobrivtseva

Ikram Aliev

Tatiana Sharabura

Vladimir Moiseyenko

Svetlana Aleksakhina

Tatiana Laidus

Aleksandr Martianov

Maksim Kholmatov

Aldon Whitehead

Grigoriy Yanus

Evgeny Imyanitov

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The mutation-based analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising diagnostic tool for clinical oncology. However, it has low success rate because many cancer patients do not have detectable ctDNA in the bloodstream.

Aim: To evaluate whether preoperative tumor irradiation results in a transient increase of plasma ctDNA concentration due to the induction of apoptosis in radiation-exposed cells.

Methods: This study focused on patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, because preoperative tumor irradiation is a part of their standard treatment plan. Nine subjects, whose tumors contained or mutations, donated serial blood samples 1 h prior to the first fraction of irradiation (at baseline), immediately after the first fraction (time 0), and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h after the first fraction. The amount of mutated gene copies was measured by droplet digital PCR.

Results: Five out of nine patients were mutation-negative by ctDNA test at baseline; two of these subjects demonstrated an emergence of the mutated DNA copies in the bloodstream within the follow-up period. There were 4 patients, who had detectable ctDNA in the plasma at the start of the experiment; three of them showed an evident treatment-induced increase of the content of mutated / alleles.

Conclusion: Local tumor irradiation may facilitate the detection of tumor-specific DNA in the bloodstream. These data justify further assessment of the clinical feasibility of irradiation-assisted liquid biopsy.

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