The Absence of Abdominal Pigmentation in Livestock Associated Following Artificial Blood Feeding and the Epidemiological Implication for Arbovirus Surveillance

Overview

Journal Pathogens

Date 2021 Dec 28

PMID 34959526

Citations 1

Authors

Maria Goffredo

Michela Quaglia

Matteo De Ascentis

Silvio Gerardo dAlessio

Valentina Federici

Annamaria Conte

Gert Johannes Venter

Affiliations

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Abstract

midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), the vectors of economically important arboviruses such as bluetongue virus and African horse sickness virus, are of global importance. In the absence of transovarial transmission, the parity rate of a population provides imperative information regarding the risk of virus dispersal. Abdominal pigmentation, which develops after blood feeding and ovipositioning, is used as an indicator of parity in During oral susceptibility trials over the last three decades, a persistent proportion of blood engorged females did not develop pigment after incubation. The present study, combining a number of feeding trials and different artificial feeding methods, reports on this phenomenon, as observed in various South African and Italian species and populations. The absence of pigmentation in artificial blood-fed females was found in at least 23 species, including important vectors such as , , , and . Viruses were repeatedly detected in these unpigmented females after incubation. Blood meal size seems to play a role and this phenomenon could be present in the field and requires consideration, especially regarding the detection of virus in apparent "nulliparous" females and the identification of overwintering mechanisms and seasonally free vector zones.

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