A Live-attenuated Viral Vector Vaccine Protects Mice Against Lethal Challenge with Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus

Overview

Journal NPJ Vaccines

Date 2021 Dec 15

PMID 34907224

Citations 5

Authors

Bharti Bhatia

Kimberly Meade-White

Elaine Haddock

Friederike Feldmann

Andrea Marzi

Heinz Feldmann

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) is a tick-borne flavivirus endemic in India known to cause severe hemorrhagic and encephalitic disease in humans. In recent years, KFDV has spread beyond its original endemic zone raising public health concerns. Currently, there is no treatment available for KFDV but a vaccine with limited efficacy is used in India. Here, we generated two new KFDV vaccine candidates based on the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) platform. We chose the VSV-Ebola virus (VSV-EBOV) vector either with the full-length or a truncated EBOV glycoprotein as the vehicle to express the precursor membrane (prM) and envelope (E) proteins of KFDV (VSV-KFDV). For efficacy testing, we established a mouse disease model by comparing KFDV infections in three immunocompetent mouse strains (BALB/c, C57Bl/6, and CD1). Both vaccine vectors provided promising protection against lethal KFDV challenge in the BALB/c model following prime-only prime-boost and immunizations. Only prime-boost immunization with VSV-KFDV expressing full-length EBOV GP resulted in uniform protection. Hyperimmune serum derived from prime-boost immunized mice protected naïve BALB/c mice from lethal KFDV challenge indicating the importance of antibodies for protection. The new VSV-KFDV vectors are promising vaccine candidates to combat an emerging, neglected public health problem in a densely populated part of the world.

Citing Articles

Tick-borne viruses: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and animal models.

Yu K, Park S One Health. 2024; 19:100903.

PMID: 39391267 PMC: 11465198. DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100903.

Kyasanur Forest Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

N S, Kandi V, G S, Ca J, A H, As A Cureus. 2024; 16(7):e65228.

PMID: 39184677 PMC: 11343324. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.65228.

Sociodemographic factors associated with Kyasanur forest disease in India - a retrospective study.

Chakraborty S, Sander W, Allan B, Andrade F IJID Reg. 2024; 10:219-227.

PMID: 38440151 PMC: 10909739. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.02.002.

Single-dose VSV-based vaccine protects against Kyasanur Forest disease in nonhuman primates.

Bhatia B, Tang-Huau T, Feldmann F, Hanley P, Rosenke R, Shaia C Sci Adv. 2023; 9(36):eadj1428.

PMID: 37672587 PMC: 10482351. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj1428.

Pathogenicity of Lloviu and Bombali Viruses in Type I Interferon Receptor Knockout Mice.

Fletcher P, Feldmann F, Takada A, Crossland N, Hume A, Albarino C J Infect Dis. 2023; 228(Suppl 7):S548-S553.

PMID: 37352146 PMC: 10651197. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad226.

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