Carboxymethyl Chitosan Bounded Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Gamma-irradiated Avian Influenza Subtype H9N2 Vaccine to Development of Immunity on Mouse and Chicken

Overview

Journal Vet Med Sci

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2021 Dec 8

PMID 34878724

Citations 4

Authors

Farahnaz Motamedi-Sedeh

Atefeh Saboorizadeh

Iraj Khalili

Massomeh Sharbatdaran

Viskam Wijewardana

Arash Arbabi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 is a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the humoral and cellular immunity in vaccinated mice and broiler chicken by irradiated AIV antigen plus carboxymethyl chitosan bounded iron oxide nanoparticles (CMC-IO NPs) as an adjuvant.

Methods: AIV subtype H9N2 with 10 EID /ml and haemagglutinin antigen assay about 10 log was irradiated by 30 kGy gamma radiation dose. Then, the gamma-irradiated AIV was used as an inactivated vaccine and conjugated with CMC-IO NPs to improve immune responses on mice. IO NPs must be applied in all activated tests using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide sodium salt (sulfo-NHS), and then functionalized by CMC as IO-CMC. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra on functionalized IO-CMC showed a peak of 638 cm which is a band between metal and O (Fe-O).

Results: Based on the comparison between the two X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns on Fe O -NPs and IO-CMC, the characteristics of IO-NPs did not change after carboxymethylation. A CHN Analyzer was applied to measure the molecular weight of IO-CMC that was calculated as 1045 g. IO-CMC, irradiated AIV-IO-CMC and formalin AIV-IO-CMC were injected into 42 BALB/c mice in six groups. The fourth group was the negative control, and the fifth and sixth groups were inoculated by irradiated AIV-ISA70 and formalin AIV-ISA70 vaccines. An increase in haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titration was observed in the irradiated AIV-IO-CMC and formalin AIV-IO-CMC groups (p < 0.05). In addition, increases in the lymphoproliferative activity of re-stimulated splenic lymphocytes, interfron-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) concentration in the irradiated AIV-IO-CMC group demonstrated the activation of Type 1 helper cells. The concentration of IL-4 was without any significant increases in non-group.

Conclusions: Accordingly, Th2 activation represented no increase. Finally, the finding showed that AIV-IO-CMC was effective on enhancing immunogenicity as irradiated AIV antigen administered with a clinically acceptable adjuvant (i.e. IO-CMC).

Citing Articles

Role of gamma irradiation and disaccharide trehalose to induce immune responses in Syrian hamster model against Iranian SARS-CoV-2 virus isolate.

Motamedi-Sedeh F, Khorasani A, Lotfi M, Moosavi S, Arbabi A, Hosseini S Vet Res Forum. 2025; 15(12):681-689.

PMID: 39816636 PMC: 11729106. DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2024.2022838.4172.

Polymeric nanocarrier-based adjuvants to enhance a locally produced mucosal coryza vaccine in chicken.

Ibrahim H, Mohammed G, Sayed R, Elshoky H, Ahmed M, El Sayed M Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):15262.

PMID: 38961116 PMC: 11222434. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65267-y.

Construction and Immunogenicity Evaluation of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Expressing HA1 Protein of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus.

Li Z, Peng C, Chen L, Wang P, Wang F Curr Microbiol. 2023; 81(1):25.

PMID: 38040977 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03548-x.

Non-Negligible Role of Trace Elements in Influenza Virus Infection.

Xu S, Wang D, Zhao W, Wei Q, Tong Y Metabolites. 2023; 13(2).

PMID: 36837803 PMC: 9967670. DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020184.

Carboxymethyl chitosan bounded iron oxide nanoparticles and gamma-irradiated avian influenza subtype H9N2 vaccine to development of immunity on mouse and chicken.

Motamedi-Sedeh F, Saboorizadeh A, Khalili I, Sharbatdaran M, Wijewardana V, Arbabi A Vet Med Sci. 2021; 8(2):626-634.

PMID: 34878724 PMC: 8959295. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.680.

References

Sandbulte M, Roth J . Methods for analysis of cell-mediated immunity in domestic animal species. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2004; 225(4):522-30. DOI: 10.2460/javma.2004.225.522. View

Stauffer F, El-Bacha T, Da Poian A . Advances in the development of inactivated virus vaccines. Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2008; 1(3):291-6. DOI: 10.2174/157489106778777673. View

David S, Lau J, Singleton E, Babb R, Davies J, Hirst T . The effect of gamma-irradiation conditions on the immunogenicity of whole-inactivated Influenza A virus vaccine. Vaccine. 2017; 35(7):1071-1079. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.12.044. View

Harris A, Cardone G, Winkler D, Heymann J, Brecher M, White J . Influenza virus pleiomorphy characterized by cryoelectron tomography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006; 103(50):19123-7. PMC: 1748186. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607614103. View

Peacock T, James J, Sealy J, Iqbal M . A Global Perspective on H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus. Viruses. 2019; 11(7). PMC: 6669617. DOI: 10.3390/v11070620. View

Alsharifi M, Furuya Y, Bowden T, Lobigs M, Koskinen A, Regner M . Intranasal flu vaccine protective against seasonal and H5N1 avian influenza infections. PLoS One. 2009; 4(4):e5336. PMC: 2671162. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005336. View

Pusic K, Aguilar Z, McLoughlin J, Kobuch S, Xu H, Tsang M . Iron oxide nanoparticles as a clinically acceptable delivery platform for a recombinant blood-stage human malaria vaccine. FASEB J. 2012; 27(3):1153-66. PMC: 3574285. DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-218362. View

Alsharifi M, Mullbacher A . The gamma-irradiated influenza vaccine and the prospect of producing safe vaccines in general. Immunol Cell Biol. 2009; 88(2):103-4. DOI: 10.1038/icb.2009.81. View

Marques Neto L, Kipnis A, Junqueira-Kipnis A . Role of Metallic Nanoparticles in Vaccinology: Implications for Infectious Disease Vaccine Development. Front Immunol. 2017; 8:239. PMC: 5340775. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00239. View

10.

Furuya Y, Regner M, Lobigs M, Koskinen A, Mullbacher A, Alsharifi M . Effect of inactivation method on the cross-protective immunity induced by whole 'killed' influenza A viruses and commercial vaccine preparations. J Gen Virol. 2010; 91(Pt 6):1450-60. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.018168-0. View

11.

Langer R . New methods of drug delivery. Science. 1990; 249(4976):1527-33. DOI: 10.1126/science.2218494. View

12.

Ben Shabat M, Meir R, Haddas R, Lapin E, Shkoda I, Raibstein I . Development of a real-time TaqMan RT-PCR assay for the detection of H9N2 avian influenza viruses. J Virol Methods. 2010; 168(1-2):72-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.04.019. View

13.

Hofmann-Amtenbrink M, Grainger D, Hofmann H . Nanoparticles in medicine: Current challenges facing inorganic nanoparticle toxicity assessments and standardizations. Nanomedicine. 2015; 11(7):1689-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.05.005. View

14.

Figuerola A, Di Corato R, Manna L, Pellegrino T . From iron oxide nanoparticles towards advanced iron-based inorganic materials designed for biomedical applications. Pharmacol Res. 2010; 62(2):126-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.12.012. View

15.

Motamedi-Sedeh F, Saboorizadeh A, Khalili I, Sharbatdaran M, Wijewardana V, Arbabi A . Carboxymethyl chitosan bounded iron oxide nanoparticles and gamma-irradiated avian influenza subtype H9N2 vaccine to development of immunity on mouse and chicken. Vet Med Sci. 2021; 8(2):626-634. PMC: 8959295. DOI: 10.1002/vms3.680. View

16.

Salehi B, Motamedi-Sedeh F, Madadgar O, Khalili I, Ghalyan Chi Langroudi A, Unger H . Analysis of antigen conservation and inactivation of gamma-irradiated avian influenza virus subtype H9N2. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2018; 65(2):163-171. DOI: 10.1556/030.65.2018.025. View

17.

Parvin R, Schinkoethe J, Grund C, Ulrich R, Bonte F, Behr K . Comparison of pathogenicity of subtype H9 avian influenza wild-type viruses from a wide geographic origin expressing mono-, di-, or tri-basic hemagglutinin cleavage sites. Vet Res. 2020; 51(1):48. PMC: 7106749. DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00771-3. View

18.

Reed S, Orr M, Fox C . Key roles of adjuvants in modern vaccines. Nat Med. 2013; 19(12):1597-608. DOI: 10.1038/nm.3409. View

19.

WHITBY J, Gelda A . Use of incremental doses of cobalt 60 radiation as a means to determine radiation sterilization dose. J Parenter Drug Assoc. 1979; 33(3):144-55. View

20.

Ward C, Dempsey M, Ring C, Kempson R, Zhang L, Gor D . Design and performance testing of quantitative real time PCR assays for influenza A and B viral load measurement. J Clin Virol. 2004; 29(3):179-88. PMC: 7128145. DOI: 10.1016/S1386-6532(03)00122-7. View