Physical Fitness and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Novel Diabetes Subgroups

Overview

Journal J Clin Endocrinol Metab

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2021 Nov 8

PMID 34748634

Citations 11

Authors

Nina Saatmann

Oana-Patricia Zaharia

Klaus Strassburger

Dominik Hans Pesta

Volker Burkart

Julia Szendroedi

Norbert Gerdes

Malte Kelm

Michael Roden

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Context: Physical inactivity promotes insulin resistance and increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recently introduced clustering based on simple clinical measures identified diabetes subgroups (clusters) with different risks of diabetes-related comorbidities and complications.

Objective: This study aims to determine differences in physical fitness and cardiovascular risk between diabetes subgroups and a glucose-tolerant control group (CON). We hypothesized that the severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) subgroup would be associated with lower physical fitness and increased cardiovascular risk.

Methods: The physical fitness and cardiovascular risk of 746 participants with recent-onset diabetes (diabetes duration of < 12 months, aged 18-69 years) and 74 CONs of the German Diabetes Study (GDS), a prospective longitudinal cohort study, were analyzed. Main outcome measures included physical fitness (VO2max from spiroerogometry), endothelial function (flow- and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation), and cardiovascular risk scores (Framingham Risk Scores for Coronary Heart Disease [FRS-CHD] and Atherosclerotic CardioVascular Disease [ASCVD] risk score).

Results: VO2max was lower in SIRD than in CON, severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID) (both P < .001), and mild age-related diabetes (MARD) (P < .01) subgroups, but not different compared to severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) (P = .98) and moderate obesity-related diabetes (MOD) subgroups (P = .07) after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index. Endothelial function was similar among all groups, whereas SAID had lower FRS-CHD and ASCVD than SIRD, MOD, and MARD (all P < .001).

Conclusion: Despite comparable endothelial function across all groups, SIRD showed the lowest physical fitness. Of note, SAID had the lowest cardiovascular risk within the first year after diabetes diagnosis compared to the other diabetes subgroups.

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