Functionalized Dioxonaphthoimidazoliums: A Redox Cycling Chemotype with Potent Bactericidal Activities Against

Overview

Journal J Med Chem

Publisher American Chemical Society

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2021 Oct 27

PMID 34706190

Citations 5

Authors

Kevin T Fridianto

Ming Li

Kiel Hards

Dereje A Negatu

Gregory M Cook

Thomas Dick

Yulin Lam

Mei-Lin Go

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Disruption of redox homeostasis in mycobacteria causes irreversible stress induction and cell death. Here, we report the dioxonaphthoimidazolium scaffold as a novel redox cycling antituberculosis chemotype with potent bactericidal activity against growing and nutrient-starved phenotypically drug-resistant nongrowing bacteria. Maximal potency was dependent on the activation of the redox cycling quinone by the positively charged scaffold and accessibility to the mycobacterial cell membrane as directed by the lipophilicity and conformational characteristics of the N-substituted side chains. Evidence from microbiological, biochemical, and genetic investigations implicates a redox-driven mode of action that is reliant on the reduction of the quinone by type II NADH dehydrogenase (NDH2) for the generation of bactericidal levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS). The bactericidal profile of a potent water-soluble analogue revealed good activity against nutrient-starved organisms in the Loebel model of dormancy, low spontaneous resistance mutation frequency, and synergy with isoniazid in the checkerboard assay.

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