Phytometabolite Profiling of Coronil, a Herbal Medicine for COVID-19, Its Identification by Mass-spectroscopy and Quality Validation on Liquid Chromatographic Platforms

Overview

Journal J Sep Sci

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2021 Sep 12

PMID 34510772

Citations 2

Authors

Acharya Balkrishna

Meenu Tomer

Sudeep Verma

Monali Joshi

Priyanka Sharma

Jyotish Srivastava

Anurag Varshney

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Coronil is a tri-herbal medicine consisting of immunomodulatory herbs, Withania somnifera, Tinospora cordifolia, and Ocimum sanctum. The formulation has been developed specifically as the supporting measure for COVID-19. Current investigation is aimed to identify the phytoconstituents in Coronil utilizing ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with quadrapole time of flight and to establish its quality standardization using high-performance liquid chromatography and high performance thin layer chromatography. Out of 52 identified compounds, cordifolioside A, magnoflorine, rosmarinic acid, palmatine, withanoside IV, withanoside V, withanone, betulinic acid, and ursolic acid were quantified in 15 different batches of Coronil on validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. Similarly, withanoside IV, withaferin A, magnoflorine, palmatine, rosmarinic acid, and ursolic acid were analyzed on high performance thin layer chromatography. Methods were validated as per the International Council for Harmonization guidelines. These methods were specific, reproducible, accurate, precise, linear (r > 0.99), and percent recoveries were within the prescribed limits. The content uniformity of Coronil was ascertained using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results indicated that, validated methods were fit for their intended use and the analytical quality of Coronil was consistent across the batches. Taken together, these developed methods could drive the analytical quality control of herbal medicines such as Coronil, and other formulations containing similar chemical profiles.

Citing Articles

Penta-O-Galloyl--D-Glucose in Targets AMPK-ULK1 and ERK/STAT3 Signaling Axes to Induce ROS-Independent Autophagic Cell Death in Human Lung Cancer Cells.

Balkrishna A, Mulay V, Verma S, Srivastava J, Lochab S, Varshney A Front Pharmacol. 2022; 13:889335.

PMID: 35928273 PMC: 9343872. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.889335.

Phytometabolite profiling of Coronil, a herbal medicine for COVID-19, its identification by mass-spectroscopy and quality validation on liquid chromatographic platforms.

Balkrishna A, Tomer M, Verma S, Joshi M, Sharma P, Srivastava J J Sep Sci. 2021; 44(22):4064-4081.

PMID: 34510772 PMC: 8661915. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100499.

References

Gautam S, Gautam A, Chhetri S, Bhattarai U . Immunity against COVID-19: Potential role of . J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020; 13(1):100350. PMC: 7430223. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.08.003. View

Vellingiri B, Jayaramayya K, Iyer M, Narayanasamy A, Govindasamy V, Giridharan B . COVID-19: A promising cure for the global panic. Sci Total Environ. 2020; 725:138277. PMC: 7128376. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138277. View

Balkrishna A, Solleti S, Verma S, Varshney A . Application of Humanized Zebrafish Model in the Suppression of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Induced Pathology by Tri-Herbal Medicine Coronil via Cytokine Modulation. Molecules. 2020; 25(21). PMC: 7662214. DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215091. View

Wen C, Kuo Y, Jan J, Liang P, Wang S, Liu H . Specific plant terpenoids and lignoids possess potent antiviral activities against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Med Chem. 2007; 50(17):4087-95. DOI: 10.1021/jm070295s. View

Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis V, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P . Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun. 2020; 88:901-907. PMC: 7206431. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026. View

Yuan H, Ma Q, Cui H, Liu G, Zhao X, Li W . How Can Synergism of Traditional Medicines Benefit from Network Pharmacology?. Molecules. 2017; 22(7). PMC: 6152294. DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071135. View

Chen J, Lu H, Melino G, Boccia S, Piacentini M, Ricciardi W . COVID-19 infection: the China and Italy perspectives. Cell Death Dis. 2020; 11(6):438. PMC: 7278221. DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2603-0. View

Wu L, Hao H, Wang G . LC/MS based tools and strategies on qualitative and quantitative analysis of herbal components in complex matrixes. Curr Drug Metab. 2012; 13(9):1251-65. DOI: 10.2174/138920012803341285. View

Balkrishna A, Tomer M, Verma S, Joshi M, Sharma P, Srivastava J . Phytometabolite profiling of Coronil, a herbal medicine for COVID-19, its identification by mass-spectroscopy and quality validation on liquid chromatographic platforms. J Sep Sci. 2021; 44(22):4064-4081. PMC: 8661915. DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100499. View

10.

Ghoke S, Sood R, Kumar N, Pateriya A, Bhatia S, Mishra A . Evaluation of antiviral activity of Ocimum sanctum and Acacia arabica leaves extracts against H9N2 virus using embryonated chicken egg model. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018; 18(1):174. PMC: 5987647. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2238-1. View

11.

Sharma U, Bala M, Kumar N, Singh B, Munshi R, Bhalerao S . Immunomodulatory active compounds from Tinospora cordifolia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012; 141(3):918-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.03.027. View

12.

Balkrishna A, Haldar S, Singh H, Roy P, Varshney A . Coronil, a Tri-Herbal Formulation, Attenuates Spike-Protein-Mediated SARS-CoV-2 Viral Entry into Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Production by Inhibiting Spike Protein-ACE-2 Interaction. J Inflamm Res. 2021; 14:869-884. PMC: 7981146. DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S298242. View

13.

Balkrishna A, Pokhrel S, Singh H, Joshi M, Mulay V, Haldar S . Withanone from Attenuates SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Host ACE2 Interactions to Rescue Spike Protein Induced Pathologies in Humanized Zebrafish Model. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021; 15:1111-1133. PMC: 7961299. DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S292805. View

14.

Lawson G, Ogwu J, Tanna S . Quantitative screening of the pharmaceutical ingredient for the rapid identification of substandard and falsified medicines using reflectance infrared spectroscopy. PLoS One. 2018; 13(8):e0202059. PMC: 6086453. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202059. View

15.

Balkrishna A, Pokhrel S, Varshney A . Tinocordiside from (Giloy) May Curb SARS-CoV-2 Contagion by Disrupting the Electrostatic Interactions between Host ACE2 and Viral S-Protein Receptor Binding Domain. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2020; 24(10):1795-1802. DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666201110152615. View

16.

Tripathi M, Singh P, Sharma S, Singh T, Ethayathulla A, Kaur P . Identification of bioactive molecule from (Ashwagandha) as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2020; 39(15):5668-5681. PMC: 7441797. DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1790425. View

17.

Rastogi S, Kalra A, Gupta V, Khan F, Lal R, Tripathi A . Unravelling the genome of Holy basil: an "incomparable" "elixir of life" of traditional Indian medicine. BMC Genomics. 2015; 16:413. PMC: 4445982. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1640-z. View