Venous Thrombosis Recurrence Risk According to Warfarin Versus Direct Oral Anticoagulants for the Secondary Prevention of Venous Thrombosis

Overview

Journal Res Pract Thromb Haemost

Publisher Elsevier

Date 2021 Aug 25

PMID 34430789

Citations 2

Authors

Neil A Zakai

Rob F Walker

Richard F MacLehose

Insu Koh

Alvaro Alonso

Pamela L Lutsey

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects nearly 1 million Americans annually, and many benefit from continued anticoagulation after the initial 3- to 6-month treatment period (secondary prevention).

Objectives: To determine whether warfarin, apixaban, or rivaroxaban is associated with reduced recurrent VTE hospitalization in the secondary prevention of VTE.

Patients/methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of participants enrolled in the MarketScan Insurance Database between 2013 and 2017 in those with an incident VTE. In those individuals who continued oral anticoagulation (warfarin, apixaban, or rivaroxaban) beyond 6 months, we determined the relative rate of recurrent VTE hospitalization.

Results: Among 119 964 individuals with VTE, 25 419 remained on anticoagulation after 6 months and were matched successfully by age, sex, and date. After adjusting for a propensity score, apixaban versus rivaroxaban (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.94) and apixaban versus warfarin (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.47-1.00) had a reduced risk of recurrent VTE hospitalization, and rivaroxaban versus warfarin (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.94-1.33) had equivalent rates. For the rivaroxaban versus warfarin comparison there was a significant interaction by renal function ( < .01) where rivaroxaban was associated with a lower risk of recurrent VTE hospitalization (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.41-1.03) in those with kidney disease and increased risk in those without kidney disease (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50).

Conclusions: These data suggest that apixaban has a lower recurrent VTE hospitalization rate than rivaroxaban during the secondary prevention of VTE, and further study of diverse patient populations, especially by kidney function, is warranted.

Citing Articles

Safety and Effectiveness of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients with Venous Thromboembolism using Real-World Data: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alshahrani W, Alshahrani R, Alkathiri M, Alay S, Alabkka A, Alaraj S Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2024; 24(6):823-839.

PMID: 39254826 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-024-00677-x.

Venous thrombosis recurrence risk according to warfarin versus direct oral anticoagulants for the secondary prevention of venous thrombosis.

Zakai N, Walker R, MacLehose R, Koh I, Alonso A, Lutsey P Res Pract Thromb Haemost. 2021; 5(6):e12575.

PMID: 34430789 PMC: 8371351. DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12575.

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