Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes

Overview

Journal Endocrinology

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Endocrinology

Date 2021 Aug 7

PMID 34363464

Citations 37

Authors

Akilavalli Narasimhan

Rafael R Flores

Paul D Robbins

Laura J Niedernhofer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, type II diabetes is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.

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