Dedicated Breast CT: State of the Art-Part I. Historical Evolution and Technical Aspects

Dedicated breast CT is an emerging 3D isotropic imaging technology for breast, which overcomes the limitations of 2D compression mammography and limited angle tomosynthesis while providing some of the advantages of magnetic resonance imaging. This first installment in a 2-part review describes the evolution of dedicated breast CT beginning with a historical perspective and progressing to the present day. Moreover, it provides an overview of state-of-the-art technology. Particular emphasis is placed on technical limitations in scan protocol, radiation dose, breast coverage, patient comfort, and image artifact. Proposed methods of how to address these technical challenges are also discussed. KEY POINTS: • Advantages of breast CT include no tissue overlap, improved patient comfort, rapid acquisition, and concurrent assessment of microcalcifications and contrast enhancement. • Current clinical and prototype dedicated breast CT systems differ in acquisition modes, imaging techniques, and detector types. • There are still details to be decided regarding breast CT techniques, such as scan protocol, radiation dose, breast coverage, patient comfort, and image artifact.