Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Placental Inflammation and Local Immune Balance

Overview

Journal Mediators Inflamm

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biochemistry
Pathology

Date 2021 Jul 9

PMID 34239366

Citations 6

Authors

Zengfang Wang

Ruizhen Yang

Jiaojiao Zhang

Pingping Wang

Zengyan Wang

Jian Gao

Xue Liu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Pregnancy maintenance depends on the formation of normal placentas accompanied by trophoblast invasion and vascular remodeling. Various types of cells, such as trophoblasts, endothelial cells, immune cells, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and adipocytes, mediate cell-to-cell interactions through soluble factors to maintain normal placental development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are diverse nanosized to microsized membrane-bound particles released from various cells. EVs contain tens to thousands of different RNA, proteins, small molecules, DNA fragments, and bioactive lipids. EV-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins regulate inflammation and trophoblast invasion in the placental microenvironment. Maternal-fetal communication through EV can regulate the key signaling pathways involved in pregnancy maintenance, from implantation to immune regulation. Therefore, EVs and the encapsulating factors play important roles in pregnancy, some of which might be potential biomarkers.

Conclusion: In this review, we have summarized published studies about the EVs in the placentation and pregnancy-related diseases. By summarizing the role of EVs and their delivering active molecules in pregnancy-related diseases, it provides novel insight into the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.

Citing Articles

Small and Long Non-Coding RNA Analysis for Human Trophoblast-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Effect on the Transcriptome Profile of Human Neural Progenitor Cells.

Kinkade J, Singh P, Verma M, Khan T, Ezashi T, Bivens N Cells. 2024; 13(22).

PMID: 39594615 PMC: 11593255. DOI: 10.3390/cells13221867.

Placenta Extracellular Vesicles: Messengers Connecting Maternal and Fetal Systems.

Rosenfeld C Biomolecules. 2024; 14(8).

PMID: 39199382 PMC: 11352387. DOI: 10.3390/biom14080995.

The role of the immune microenvironment in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration: from mechanism to therapeutic opportunity.

Xiong Y, Mi B, Lin Z, Hu Y, Yu L, Zha K Mil Med Res. 2022; 9(1):65.

PMID: 36401295 PMC: 9675067. DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00426-8.

Preeclampsia and COVID-19: the Role of Inflammasome Activation.

Cornelius D, Wang X, Griffin A, Morris R, Wallace K Curr Hypertens Rep. 2022; 24(9):341-348.

PMID: 35704142 PMC: 9199319. DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01195-4.

miR-196a-5p-Rich Extracellular Vesicles from Trophoblasts Induce M1 Polarization of Macrophages in Recurrent Miscarriage.

Zhang J, Tao Y, Cai R, Wang Y J Immunol Res. 2022; 2022:6811632.

PMID: 35655924 PMC: 9153387. DOI: 10.1155/2022/6811632.

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