Profiles of Minority-Majority Language Proficiency in 5-Year-Olds

Overview

Journal Child Dev

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2021 May 27

PMID 34042172

Citations 9

Authors

Erika Hoff

Michelle K Tulloch

Cynthia Core

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Children from language minority homes reach school age with variable dual language skills. Cluster analysis identified four bilingual profiles among 126 U.S.-born, 5-year-old Spanish-English bilinguals. The profiles differed on two dimensions: language balance and total language knowledge. Balance varied primarily as a function of indicators of the relative quantity and the quality of their language exposure (amount of home exposure and maternal education in each language). Total language knowledge varied primarily as a function of indicators of children's language learning ability (phonological memory and nonverbal intelligence). English dominance was more prevalent than balanced bilingualism; there was no Spanish dominant profile, despite average Spanish dominance in home language use. There was no evidence of a tradeoff between English and Spanish skills.

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