Implementing Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing in Critical Care: A Qualitative Study of Facilitators and Barriers to New Technology Adoption

Objective: To characterize the views of members of the multi-disciplinary team regarding the implementation of rapid whole-genome sequencing (rWGS) as a first-tier test for critically ill children in diverse children's hospital settings.

Study Design: Qualitative interviews informed by implementation science theory were conducted with the multidisciplinary patient care teams and hospital leaders at each of the 5 tertiary care children's hospitals involved in a statewide rWGS implementation project.

Results: Our analysis revealed 5 key themes regarding the implementation process across the sites: the need for rWGS champions, educational needs and strategies, negotiating decision-making roles and processes, workflows and workarounds, and perceptions about rWGS. From the findings a composite clinical workflow diagram was developed to summarize all of the processes involved in the implementation of the test, and the key areas where implementation practices differed.

Conclusions: These findings provide insights for design of interventions to support adoption, scale-up, and sustainability of rWGS and other novel technologies in neonatal and pediatric critical care settings.