Evaluation of Potential Metabolomic-based Biomarkers of Protein, Carbohydrate and Fat Intakes Using a Controlled Feeding Study

Overview

Journal Eur J Nutr

Specialty Nutritional Sciences

Date 2021 May 15

PMID 33991228

Citations 17

Authors

Cheng Zheng

G A Nagana Gowda

Daniel Raftery

Marian L Neuhouser

Lesley F Tinker

Ross L Prentice

Shirley A A Beresford

Yiwen Zhang

Lisa Bettcher

Robert Pepin

Danijel Djukovic

Haiwei Gu

Gregory A Barding Jr

Xiaoling Song

Johanna W Lampe

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: Objective biomarkers of dietary exposure are needed to establish reliable diet-disease associations. Unfortunately, robust biomarkers of macronutrient intakes are scarce. We aimed to assess the utility of serum, 24-h urine and spot urine high-dimensional metabolites for the development of biomarkers of daily intake of total energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat, and the percent of energy from these macronutrients (%E).

Methods: A 2-week controlled feeding study mimicking the participants' habitual diets was conducted among 153 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI). Fasting serum metabolomic profiles were analyzed using a targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay for aqueous metabolites and a direct-injection-based quantitative lipidomics platform. Urinary metabolites were analyzed using H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy at 800 MHz and by untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Variable selection was performed to build prediction models for each dietary variable.

Results: The highest cross-validated multiple correlation coefficients (CV-R) for protein intake (%E) and carbohydrate intake (%E) using metabolites only were 36.3 and 37.1%, respectively. With the addition of established dietary biomarkers (doubly labeled water for energy and urinary nitrogen for protein), the CV-R reached 55.5% for energy (kcal/d), 52.0 and 45.0% for protein (g/d, %E), 55.9 and 37.0% for carbohydrate (g/d, %E).

Conclusion: Selected panels of serum and urine metabolites, without the inclusion of doubly labeled water and urinary nitrogen biomarkers, give a reliable and robust prediction of daily intake of energy from protein and carbohydrate.

Citing Articles

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Anomalous Dynamics of Labile Metabolites in Cold Human Blood Detected Using H NMR Spectroscopy.

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