Tapping the Immunological Imprints to Design Chimeric SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine for Elderly Population

Overview

Journal Int Rev Immunol

Publisher Informa Healthcare

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2021 May 12

PMID 33978550

Citations 4

Authors

Asim Biswas

Rahul Shubhra Mandal

Suparna Chakraborty

George Maiti

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 disease susceptibility varies depending on the age and health status of an individual. Currently, there are more than 140 COVID-19 vaccines under development. However, the challenge will be to induce an effective immune response in the elderly population. Analysis of B cell epitopes indicates the minor role of the stalk domain of spike protein in viral neutralization due to low surface accessibility. Nevertheless, the accumulation of mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) might reduce the vaccine efficacy in all age groups. We also propose the concept of chimeric vaccines based on the co-expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza hemagglutinin (HA) and matrix protein 1 (M1) proteins to generate chimeric virus-like particles (VLP). This review discusses the possible approaches by which influenza-specific memory repertoire developed during the lifetime of the elderly populations can converge to mount an effective immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein with the possibilities of designing single vaccines for COVID-19 and influenza. HighlightsImmunosenescence aggravates COVID-19 symptoms in elderly individuals.Low immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in elderly population.Tapping the memory T and B cell repertoire in elderly can enhance vaccine efficiency.Chimeric vaccines can mount effective immune response against COVID-19 in elderly.Chimeric vaccines co-express SARS-CoV-2 spike and influenza HA and M1 proteins.

Citing Articles

Harnessing synthetic biology for advancing RNA therapeutics and vaccine design.

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Humoral and Cellular Immune Response Elicited by the BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in Elderly.

Dalla Gasperina D, Veronesi G, Castelletti C, Varchetta S, Ottolini S, Mele D Int J Mol Sci. 2023; 24(18).

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Immunogenicity and protective potential of chimeric virus-like particles containing SARS-CoV-2 spike and H5N1 matrix 1 proteins.

Chen J, Xu W, Li L, Yi L, Jiang Y, Hao P Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022; 12:967493.

PMID: 35923799 PMC: 9339902. DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.967493.

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