Diabetes-specific Friend Support in Emerging Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Does Satisfaction with Support Matter?

Overview

Journal J Behav Med

Specialty Social Sciences

Date 2021 Mar 7

PMID 33677767

Citations 1

Authors

Koen Raymaekers

Vicki S Helgeson

Sofie Prikken

Janne Vanhalst

Philip Moons

Eva Goossens

Cynthia A Berg

Koen Luyckx

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) must adhere to a complex treatment regimen to prevent health complications. Friends may provide diabetes-specific support to help youth manage diabetes, but evidence on whether youth benefit from diabetes-specific friend support is inconclusive. The present study first investigated whether satisfaction with friend support was linked to psychological distress and diabetes management. Second, it was investigated whether self-esteem mediated these relations. To this end, 324 Dutch-speaking emerging adults (17-28 years) with T1D completed questionnaires on diabetes-specific friend support, self-esteem, diabetes-specific distress, depressive symptoms, and self-care. HbA1c values were obtained from patients' physicians. Receiving diabetes-specific support from friends was associated with more diabetes-specific distress, but not for youth who were satisfied with the received support. Diabetes-specific friend support was not associated with other outcomes. Self-esteem did not mediate these relations. These results suggest that associations between diabetes-specific friend support and diabetes management are limited and that support satisfaction should be taken into consideration when examining the role of friend support for youth with T1D.

Citing Articles

Beyond Therapeutic Adherence: Alternative Pathways for Understanding Medical Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Cleves-Valencia J, Roncancio-Moreno M, Picione R Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024; 21(3).

PMID: 38541320 PMC: 10970288. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21030320.

References

Andrews B, Brewin C, Rose S . Gender, social support, and PTSD in victims of violent crime. J Trauma Stress. 2003; 16(4):421-7. DOI: 10.1023/A:1024478305142. View

Bearman K, La Greca A . Assessing friend support of adolescents' diabetes care: the diabetes social support questionnaire-friends version. J Pediatr Psychol. 2002; 27(5):417-28. DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/27.5.417. View

Berg C, Wiebe D, Tracy E, Kelly C, Mello D, Turner S . Parental Involvement and Executive Function in Emerging Adults with Type 1 Diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol. 2019; 44(8):970-979. PMC: 6736420. DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsz025. View

Bolger N, Amarel D . Effects of social support visibility on adjustment to stress: experimental evidence. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007; 92(3):458-75. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.92.3.458. View

Bolger N, Zuckerman A, Kessler R . Invisible support and adjustment to stress. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001; 79(6):953-61. DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.79.6.953. View

Brazeau A, Nakhla M, Wright M, Henderson M, Panagiotopoulos C, Pacaud D . Stigma and Its Association With Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res. 2018; 20(4):e151. PMC: 5935805. DOI: 10.2196/jmir.9432. View

Commissariat P, Kenowitz J, Trast J, Heptulla R, Gonzalez J . Developing a Personal and Social Identity With Type 1 Diabetes During Adolescence: A Hypothesis Generative Study. Qual Health Res. 2016; 26(5):672-84. PMC: 9639364. DOI: 10.1177/1049732316628835. View

Doe E . An analysis of the relationships between peer support and diabetes outcomes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. J Health Psychol. 2016; 23(10):1356-1366. DOI: 10.1177/1359105316656228. View

Fisher E, Boothroyd R, Maggy Coufal M, Baumann L, Mbanya J, Rotheram-Borus M . Peer support for self-management of diabetes improved outcomes in international settings. Health Aff (Millwood). 2012; 31(1):130-9. PMC: 4128379. DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0914. View

10.

Gleason M, Iida M, Bolger N, Shrout P . Daily supportive equity in close relationships. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004; 29(8):1036-45. DOI: 10.1177/0146167203253473. View

11.

Hains A, Berlin K, Davies W, Smothers M, Sato A, Alemzadeh R . Attributions of adolescents with type 1 diabetes related to performing diabetes care around friends and peers: the moderating role of friend support. J Pediatr Psychol. 2006; 32(5):561-70. DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsl040. View

12.

Helgeson V, Palladino D, Reynolds K, Becker D, Escobar O, Siminerio L . Relationships and health among emerging adults with and without Type 1 diabetes. Health Psychol. 2013; 33(10):1125-33. PMC: 5094280. DOI: 10.1037/a0033511. View

13.

King P, Berg C, Butner J, Butler J, Wiebe D . Longitudinal trajectories of parental involvement in Type 1 diabetes and adolescents' adherence. Health Psychol. 2013; 33(5):424-32. PMC: 4766001. DOI: 10.1037/a0032804. View

14.

Kowitt S, Ayala G, Cherrington A, Horton L, Safford M, Soto S . Examining the Support Peer Supporters Provide Using Structural Equation Modeling: Nondirective and Directive Support in Diabetes Management. Ann Behav Med. 2017; 51(6):810-821. PMC: 9574889. DOI: 10.1007/s12160-017-9904-2. View

15.

La Greca A, Auslander W, Greco P, Spetter D, Fisher Jr E, Santiago J . I get by with a little help from my family and friends: adolescents' support for diabetes care. J Pediatr Psychol. 1995; 20(4):449-76. DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/20.4.449. View

16.

Lambert V, Keogh D . Striving to live a normal life: a review of children and young people's experience of feeling different when living with a long term condition. J Pediatr Nurs. 2014; 30(1):63-77. DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2014.09.016. View

17.

Lepore S, Glaser D, Roberts K . On the positive relation between received social support and negative affect: a test of the triage and self-esteem threat models in women with breast cancer. Psychooncology. 2008; 17(12):1210-5. DOI: 10.1002/pon.1347. View

18.

Luszczynska A, Sarkar Y, Knoll N . Received social support, self-efficacy, and finding benefits in disease as predictors of physical functioning and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Patient Educ Couns. 2006; 66(1):37-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2006.10.002. View

19.

Malik F, Panlasigui N, Gritton J, Gill H, Yi-Frazier J, Moreno M . Adolescent Perspectives on the Use of Social Media to Support Type 1 Diabetes Management: Focus Group Study. J Med Internet Res. 2019; 21(6):e12149. PMC: 6592493. DOI: 10.2196/12149. View

20.

Markowitz B, Parsons J, Advani A . Diabetes in Emerging Adulthood: Transitions Lost in Translation. Can J Diabetes. 2016; 41(1):1-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.06.004. View