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Induction of Antigen-Specific Tolerance in Autoimmune Diabetes with Nanoparticles Containing Hybrid Insulin Peptides

Overview
Journal Biomedicines
Date 2021 Mar 6
PMID 33673706
Citations 1
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Abstract

Autoreactive T cells are thought to orchestrate the onset and progression of autoimmune diabetes. Key cognate antigens of these diabetogenic T cells include hybrid insulin peptides, formed by the fusion of insulin fragments to cleavage products of other β-cell granule proteins. Here we review initial work exploring tolerance induction to a hybrid insulin peptide using a biodegradable, nanoparticle delivery system in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. The immune phenotype(s) and possible mechanism(s) behind antigen-specific tolerance induction were dissected with a disease transfer model using transgenic autoreactive mouse T cells. Treatment of NOD mice with peptide-coupled nanoparticles appeared to have a dual function in preventing diabetes onset, inducing anergy in effector T cells and enhancing the activity of regulatory T cells. Importantly, the ratio of these two cell types in the pancreas was pushed toward tolerance. Antigen-specific tolerance induction to hybrid insulin peptides has the translational potential to preserve islet β-cells in new-onset or at-risk patients and prevent recurrent autoimmunity in transplant patients.

Citing Articles

A Novel Tolerogenic Antibody Targeting Disulfide-Modified Autoantigen Effectively Prevents Type 1 Diabetes in NOD Mice.

Li W, Zhang Y, Li R, Wang Y, Chen L, Dai S Front Immunol. 2022; 13:877022.

PMID: 36032077 PMC: 9406144. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.877022.

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