Pathomechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities in Radiation-induced Heart Disease: from Bench to Bedside

Overview

Journal Clin Res Cardiol

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2021 Feb 16

PMID 33591377

Citations 21

Authors

Marta Sarkozy

Zoltan Varga

Renata Gaspar

Gergo Szucs

Monika G Kovacs

Zsuzsanna Z A Kovacs

Laszlo Dux

Zsuzsanna Kahan

Tamas Csont

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Cancer management has undergone significant improvements, which led to increased long-term survival rates among cancer patients. Radiotherapy (RT) has an important role in the treatment of thoracic tumors, including breast, lung, and esophageal cancer, or Hodgkin's lymphoma. RT aims to kill tumor cells; however, it may have deleterious side effects on the surrounding normal tissues. The syndrome of unwanted cardiovascular adverse effects of thoracic RT is termed radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD), and the risk of developing RIHD is a critical concern in current oncology practice. Premature ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valve abnormalities, and electrical conduct defects are common forms of RIHD. The underlying mechanisms of RIHD are still not entirely clear, and specific therapeutic interventions are missing. In this review, we focus on the molecular pathomechanisms of acute and chronic RIHD and propose preventive measures and possible pharmacological strategies to minimize the burden of RIHD.

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