Gradiometer Using Separated Diamond Quantum Magnetometers

Overview

Journal Sensors (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2021 Feb 5

PMID 33540515

Citations 6

Authors

Yuta Masuyama

Katsumi Suzuki

Akira Hekizono

Mitsuyasu Iwanami

Mutsuko Hatano

Takayuki Iwasaki

Takeshi Ohshima

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamonds is known as the spin defect and using its electron spin, magnetometry can be realized even at room temperature with extremely high sensitivity as well as a high dynamic range. However, a magnetically shielded enclosure is usually required to sense weak magnetic fields because environmental magnetic field noises can disturb high sensitivity measurements. Here, we fabricated a gradiometer with variable sensor length that works at room temperature using a pair of diamond samples containing negatively charged NV centers. Each diamond is attached to an optical fiber to enable free sensor placement. Without any magnetically shielding, our gradiometer realizes a magnetic noise spectrum comparable to that of a three-layer magnetically shielded enclosure, reducing the noises at the low-frequency range below 1 Hz as well as at the frequency of 50 Hz (power line frequency) and its harmonics. These results indicate the potential of highly sensitive magnetic sensing by the gradiometer using the NV center for applications in noisy environments such as outdoor and in vehicles.

Citing Articles

Columnar excitation fluorescence microscope for accurate evaluation of quantum properties of color centers in bulk materials.

Masuyama Y, Shinei C, Ishii S, Abe H, Taniguchi T, Teraji T Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):18135.

PMID: 39103449 PMC: 11300461. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68610-5.

Measurements of Spatial Angles Using Diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy Center Optical Detection Magnetic Resonance.

Shi Z, Jin H, Zhang H, Li Z, Wen H, Guo H Sensors (Basel). 2024; 24(8).

PMID: 38676230 PMC: 11054285. DOI: 10.3390/s24082613.

A wide dynamic range diamond quantum sensor as an electric vehicle battery monitor.

Hatano Y, Tanigawa J, Nakazono A, Sekiguchi T, Onoda S, Ohshima T Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2023; 382(2265):20220312.

PMID: 38043579 PMC: 10693976. DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0312.

Optimizing NV magnetometry for Magnetoneurography and Magnetomyography applications.

Zhang C, Zhang J, Widmann M, Benke M, Kubler M, Dasari D Front Neurosci. 2023; 16:1034391.

PMID: 36726853 PMC: 9885266. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1034391.

High-precision robust monitoring of charge/discharge current over a wide dynamic range for electric vehicle batteries using diamond quantum sensors.

Hatano Y, Shin J, Tanigawa J, Shigenobu Y, Nakazono A, Sekiguchi T Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1):13991.

PMID: 36068253 PMC: 9448744. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18106-x.

References

Cohen D . Magnetoencephalography: detection of the brain's electrical activity with a superconducting magnetometer. Science. 1972; 175(4022):664-6. DOI: 10.1126/science.175.4022.664. View

Yip K, Ho K, Yu K, Chen Y, Zhang W, Kasahara S . Measuring magnetic field texture in correlated electron systems under extreme conditions. Science. 2019; 366(6471):1355-1359. DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw4278. View

Hsiao W, Hui Y, Tsai P, Chang H . Fluorescent Nanodiamond: A Versatile Tool for Long-Term Cell Tracking, Super-Resolution Imaging, and Nanoscale Temperature Sensing. Acc Chem Res. 2016; 49(3):400-7. DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00484. View

Thiel L, Rohner D, Ganzhorn M, Appel P, Neu E, Muller B . Quantitative nanoscale vortex imaging using a cryogenic quantum magnetometer. Nat Nanotechnol. 2016; 11(8):677-81. DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2016.63. View

Masuyama Y, Mizuno K, Ozawa H, Ishiwata H, Hatano Y, Ohshima T . Extending coherence time of macro-scale diamond magnetometer by dynamical decoupling with coplanar waveguide resonator. Rev Sci Instrum. 2019; 89(12):125007. DOI: 10.1063/1.5047078. View

Sheng D, Perry A, Krzyzewski S, Geller S, Kitching J, Knappe S . A microfabricated optically-pumped magnetic gradiometer. Appl Phys Lett. 2017; 110(3):031106. PMC: 5250637. DOI: 10.1063/1.4974349. View

Barry J, Turner M, Schloss J, Glenn D, Song Y, Lukin M . Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016; 113(49):14133-14138. PMC: 5150388. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1601513113. View

Yu S, Kang M, Chang H, Chen K, Yu Y . Bright fluorescent nanodiamonds: no photobleaching and low cytotoxicity. J Am Chem Soc. 2005; 127(50):17604-5. DOI: 10.1021/ja0567081. View

Fescenko I, Jarmola A, Savukov I, Kehayias P, Smits J, Damron J . Diamond magnetometer enhanced by ferrite flux concentrators. Phys Rev Res. 2020; 2(2). PMC: 7591154. DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.2.023394. View

10.

Doherty M, Struzhkin V, Simpson D, McGuinness L, Meng Y, Stacey A . Electronic properties and metrology applications of the diamond NV- center under pressure. Phys Rev Lett. 2014; 112(4):047601. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.047601. View

11.

Cohen D . Magnetoencephalography: evidence of magnetic fields produced by alpha-rhythm currents. Science. 1968; 161(3843):784-6. DOI: 10.1126/science.161.3843.784. View

12.

Hari R, Salmelin R . Magnetoencephalography: From SQUIDs to neuroscience. Neuroimage 20th anniversary special edition. Neuroimage. 2011; 61(2):386-96. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.11.074. View

13.

Schirhagl R, Chang K, Loretz M, Degen C . Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: nanoscale sensors for physics and biology. Annu Rev Phys Chem. 2013; 65:83-105. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-040513-103659. View

14.

Boto E, Holmes N, Leggett J, Roberts G, Shah V, Meyer S . Moving magnetoencephalography towards real-world applications with a wearable system. Nature. 2018; 555(7698):657-661. PMC: 6063354. DOI: 10.1038/nature26147. View

15.

Igarashi R, Yoshinari Y, Yokota H, Sugi T, Sugihara F, Ikeda K . Real-time background-free selective imaging of fluorescent nanodiamonds in vivo. Nano Lett. 2012; 12(11):5726-32. DOI: 10.1021/nl302979d. View