Water Skating: How Polymerase Sliding Clamps Move on DNA

Overview

Journal FEBS J

Specialty Biochemistry

Date 2021 Feb 1

PMID 33523561

Citations 7

Authors

Huilin Li

Fengwei Zheng

Mike ODonnell

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Polymerase sliding clamps are ring-shaped proteins that encircle duplex DNA and hold polymerases to DNA for high processivity during synthesis. The crystal structure of clamp-DNA complex reveals that the DNA is highly tilted through the clamp with extensive interaction with the clamp inner surface. In contrast to the tilted clamp-DNA interaction without DNA polymerases, recent structures of replicative polymerases of bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea that are bound to the clamp and DNA show that the polymerase positions DNA straight through the clamp without direct protein-DNA contacts. Instead, the clamp-to-DNA interaction is mediated by one or two layers of water. Hence, clamps 'water skate' on DNA during function with replicative polymerases from all domains of life, providing a nearly frictionless bearing for fast and processive DNA synthesis.

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