Antisense Transcripts and Antisense Protein: A New Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Overview

Journal Front Microbiol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2021 Jan 29

PMID 33510738

Citations 11

Authors

Juliette Savoret

Jean-Michel Mesnard

Antoine Gross

Nathalie Chazal

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

It was first predicted in 1988 that there may be an Open Reading Frame (ORF) on the negative strand of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) genome that could encode a protein named AntiSense Protein (ASP). In spite of some controversy, reports began to emerge some years later describing the detection of HIV-1 antisense transcripts, the presence of ASP in transfected and infected cells, and the existence of an immune response targeting ASP. Recently, it was established that the gene is exclusively conserved within the pandemic group M of HIV-1. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on HIV-1 antisense transcripts and ASP, and we discuss their potential functions in HIV-1 infection together with the role played by antisense transcripts and ASPs in some other viruses. Finally, we suggest pathways raised by the study of antisense transcripts and ASPs that may warrant exploration in the future.

Citing Articles

Patterns of Diversity and Humoral Immunogenicity for HIV-1 Antisense Protein (ASP).

Caetano D, Napoleao-Pego P, Villela L, Cortes F, Cardoso S, Hoagland B Vaccines (Basel). 2024; 12(7).

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Interferon-Regulated Expression of Cellular Splicing Factors Modulates Multiple Levels of HIV-1 Gene Expression and Replication.

Roesmann F, Muller L, Klaassen K, Hess S, Widera M Viruses. 2024; 16(6).

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A complex network of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators involved in bovine leukemia virus transcriptional regulation.

Plant E, Bellefroid M, Van Lint C Retrovirology. 2023; 20(1):11.

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Novel perspectives on antisense transcription in HIV-1, HTLV-1, and HTLV-2.

Lin E, Panfil A, Sandel G, Jain P Front Microbiol. 2023; 13:1042761.

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