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Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Eucotylids As the First Representatives from the Superfamily Microphalloidea (Trematoda) and Phylogenetic Implications

Overview
Journal Parasit Vectors
Publisher Biomed Central
Date 2021 Jan 15
PMID 33446249
Citations 5
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Abstract

Background: The Eucotylidae Cohn, 1904 (Superfamily: Microphalloidea), is a family of digeneans parasitic in kidneys of birds as adults. The group is characterized by the high level of morphological similarities among genera and unclear systematic value of morphological characters traditionally used for their differentiation. In the present study, we sequenced the complete or nearly complete mitogenomes (mt genome) of two eucotylids representing the genera Tamerlania (T. zarudnyi) and Tanaisia (Tanaisia sp.). They represent the first sequenced mt genomes of any member of the superfamily Microphalloidea.

Methods: A comparative mitogenomic analysis of the two newly sequenced eucotylids was conducted for the investigation of mitochondrial gene arrangement, contents and genetic distance. Phylogenetic position of the family Eucotylidae within the order Plagiorchiida was examined using nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs) plus RNAs using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. BI phylogeny based on concatenated amino acids sequences of PCGs was also conducted to determine possible effects of silent mutations.

Results: The complete mt genome of T. zarudnyi was 16,188 bp and the nearly complete mt genome of Tanaisia sp. was 13,953 bp in length. A long string of additional amino acids (about 123 aa) at the 5' end of the cox1 gene in both studied eucotylid mt genomes has resulted in the cox1 gene of eucotylids being longer than in all previously sequenced digeneans. The rrnL gene was also longer than previously reported in any digenean mitogenome sequenced so far. The TΨC and DHU loops of the tRNAs varied greatly between the two eucotylids while the anticodon loop was highly conserved. Phylogenetic analyses based on mtDNA nucleotide and amino acids sequences (as a separate set) positioned eucotylids as a sister group to all remaining members of the order Plagiorchiida. Both ML and BI phylogenies revealed the paraphyletic nature of the superfamily Gorgoderoidea and the suborder Xiphidiata.

Conclusions: The average sequence identity, combined nucleotide diversity and Kimura-2 parameter distances between the two eucotylid mitogenomes demonstrated that atp6, nad5, nad4L and nad6 genes are better markers than the traditionally used cox1 or nad1 for the species differentiation and population-level studies of eucotylids because of their higher variability. The position of the Dicrocoeliidae and Eucotylidae outside the clade uniting other xiphidiatan trematodes strengthened the argument for the need for re-evaluation of the taxonomic content of the Xiphidiata.

Citing Articles

Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of (Digenea, Pleurogenidae): Comparison With the Members of Microphalloidea and Phylogenetic Implications.

Gao J, Ma T, Hou M, An Q, Liu X, Zhang X Ecol Evol. 2024; 14(10):e70430.

PMID: 39421333 PMC: 11483596. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70430.


The complete mitochondrial genome of 3 species of allocreadiids (Digenea, Allocreadiidae): characterization and phylogenetic position within the order Plagiorchiida.

Solorzano-Garcia B, Hernandez-Mena D, Choudhury A, Perez-Ponce de Leon G Parasitology. 2024; 151(3):309-318.

PMID: 38223986 PMC: 11007277. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182024000064.


The complete mitochondrial genome of : gene content, composition and rearrangement and phylogenetic implications.

Gao J, Zhang A, Wei W, Jia B, Zhang J, Li B Parasitology. 2023; 150(8):661-671.

PMID: 37051880 PMC: 10410389. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182023000379.


Biomphalaria straminea as an Intermediate Host of a Renal Trematode Species of the Genus Tanaisia (Trematoda: Eucotylidae) in Brazil.

Assis J, Pinto H Acta Parasitol. 2023; 68(1):282-287.

PMID: 36705769 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00660-7.


Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of and (Trematoda: Diplodiscidae): Comparison with the members of the superfamily Paramphistomoidea and phylogenetic implication.

An Q, Qiu Y, Lou Y, Jiang Y, Qiu H, Zhang Z Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2022; 19:9-17.

PMID: 35991946 PMC: 9385452. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.009.

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