Perioperative Chemotherapy for Liver Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2020 Dec 1

PMID 33256170

Citations 5

Authors

Gloria Chan

Cheng E Chee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The liver is the dominant site of metastasis for patients with colorectal cancer. For those with isolated liver metastases, surgical resection with systemic therapy has led to long-term remission in as high as 80% of patients in well-selected cohorts. This review will focus on how systemic therapy should be integrated with resection of liver metastases; in particular, the use of clinical risk scores based on clinicopathological features that help with patient selection, various approaches to the treatment of micro-metastatic disease (peri-operative versus post-operative chemotherapy), as well as conversion chemotherapy for those with initially upfront unresectable disease will be discussed.

Citing Articles

Treatment outcomes of hepatectomy and systemic chemotherapy based on oncological resectability criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Komatsu S, Yano Y, Ishihara N, Kido M, Gon H, Fukushima K Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2025; 9(2):235-243.

PMID: 40046525 PMC: 11877347. DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12893.

The increasing prevalence of cancer in the elderly: An investigation of epidemiological trends.

Prathap R, Kirubha S, Rajan A, Manoharan S, Elumalai K Aging Med (Milton). 2024; 7(4):516-527.

PMID: 39234197 PMC: 11369332. DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12347.

Multimodal Management of Colorectal Liver Metastases: State of the Art.

Filoni E, Musci V, Di Rito A, Inchingolo R, Memeo R, Mannavola F Oncol Rev. 2024; 17:11799.

PMID: 38239856 PMC: 10794467. DOI: 10.3389/or.2023.11799.

An Analysis of Clinicopathological Outcomes and the Utility of Preoperative MRI for Patients Undergoing Resection of Mucinous and Non-Mucinous Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.

Reynolds I, Cromwell P, Ryan E, McGrath E, Kennelly R, Ryan R Front Oncol. 2022; 12:821159.

PMID: 35265523 PMC: 8899023. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.821159.

Solitary colorectal liver metastasis: overview of treatment strategies and role of prognostic factors.

Acciuffi S, Meyer F, Bauschke A, Croner R, Settmacher U, Altendorf-Hofmann A J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2021; 148(3):657-665.

PMID: 34914005 PMC: 8881245. DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03880-4.

References

Nagashima I, Takada T, Adachi M, Nagawa H, Muto T, Okinaga K . Proposal of criteria to select candidates with colorectal liver metastases for hepatic resection: comparison of our scoring system to the positive number of risk factors. World J Gastroenterol. 2006; 12(39):6305-9. PMC: 4088138. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i39.6305. View

Fong Y, Fortner J, Sun R, Brennan M, Blumgart L . Clinical score for predicting recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of 1001 consecutive cases. Ann Surg. 1999; 230(3):309-18; discussion 318-21. PMC: 1420876. DOI: 10.1097/00000658-199909000-00004. View

Rivera F, Karthaus M, Hecht J, Sevilla I, Forget F, Fasola G . Final analysis of the randomised PEAK trial: overall survival and tumour responses during first-line treatment with mFOLFOX6 plus either panitumumab or bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2017; 32(8):1179-1190. PMC: 5522523. DOI: 10.1007/s00384-017-2800-1. View

Portier G, Elias D, Bouche O, Rougier P, Bosset J, Saric J . Multicenter randomized trial of adjuvant fluorouracil and folinic acid compared with surgery alone after resection of colorectal liver metastases: FFCD ACHBTH AURC 9002 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24(31):4976-82. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2006.06.8353. View

Nordlinger B, Guiguet M, Vaillant J, Balladur P, Boudjema K, Bachellier P . Surgical resection of colorectal carcinoma metastases to the liver. A prognostic scoring system to improve case selection, based on 1568 patients. Association Française de Chirurgie. Cancer. 1996; 77(7):1254-62. View

Johnson B, Jin Z, Truty M, Smoot R, Nagorney D, Kendrick M . Impact of Metastasectomy in the Multimodality Approach for V600E Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Mayo Clinic Experience. Oncologist. 2017; 23(1):128-134. PMC: 5759813. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0230. View

Konopke R, Kersting S, Distler M, Dietrich J, Gastmeier J, Heller A . Prognostic factors and evaluation of a clinical score for predicting survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases. Liver Int. 2008; 29(1):89-102. DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01845.x. View

Primrose J, Falk S, Finch-Jones M, Valle J, OReilly D, Siriwardena A . Systemic chemotherapy with or without cetuximab in patients with resectable colorectal liver metastasis: the New EPOC randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014; 15(6):601-11. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70105-6. View

Falcone A, Ricci S, Brunetti I, Pfanner E, Allegrini G, Barbara C . Phase III trial of infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) compared with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: the Gruppo.... J Clin Oncol. 2007; 25(13):1670-6. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2006.09.0928. View

10.

Cunningham D, Lang I, Marcuello E, Lorusso V, Ocvirk J, Shin D . Bevacizumab plus capecitabine versus capecitabine alone in elderly patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer (AVEX): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013; 14(11):1077-1085. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70154-2. View

11.

Adam R, Pascal G, Castaing D, Azoulay D, Delvart V, Paule B . Tumor progression while on chemotherapy: a contraindication to liver resection for multiple colorectal metastases?. Ann Surg. 2004; 240(6):1052-61. PMC: 1356520. DOI: 10.1097/01.sla.0000145964.08365.01. View

12.

Ludford K, Cohen R, Svrcek M, Foo W, Colle R, Parc Y . Pathological Tumor Response Following Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Deficient Mismatch Repair Advanced Colorectal Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2020; 113(2):208-211. PMC: 7850519. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa052. View

13.

Venook A, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz H, Innocenti F, Fruth B, Meyerhardt J . Effect of First-Line Chemotherapy Combined With Cetuximab or Bevacizumab on Overall Survival in Patients With KRAS Wild-Type Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017; 317(23):2392-2401. PMC: 5545896. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.7105. View

14.

Diaz Jr L, Shiu K, Kim T, Jensen B, Jensen L, Punt C . Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer (KEYNOTE-177): final analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2022; 23(5):659-670. PMC: 9533375. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00197-8. View

15.

Mitry E, Fields A, Bleiberg H, Labianca R, Portier G, Tu D . Adjuvant chemotherapy after potentially curative resection of metastases from colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of two randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26(30):4906-11. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.17.3781. View

16.

Nordlinger B, Sorbye H, Glimelius B, Poston G, Schlag P, Rougier P . Perioperative FOLFOX4 chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (EORTC 40983): long-term results of a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013; 14(12):1208-15. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70447-9. View

17.

Chan G, Chee C . Making sense of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2020; 10(6):1183-1192. PMC: 6954995. DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.06.03. View

18.

Delaunoit T, Alberts S, Sargent D, Green E, Goldberg R, Krook J . Chemotherapy permits resection of metastatic colorectal cancer: experience from Intergroup N9741. Ann Oncol. 2005; 16(3):425-9. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdi092. View

19.

Arnold D, Lueza B, Douillard J, Peeters M, Lenz H, Venook A . Prognostic and predictive value of primary tumour side in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with chemotherapy and EGFR directed antibodies in six randomized trials. Ann Oncol. 2017; 28(8):1713-1729. PMC: 6246616. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx175. View

20.

Hurwitz H, Fehrenbacher L, Novotny W, Cartwright T, Hainsworth J, Heim W . Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350(23):2335-42. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa032691. View